A CMOS IC for the real-time and wireless diagnostics of high concentration solar cells

In this paper, an alternative approach for the measuring and transmission of vital parameters related to High Concentration PhotoVoltaics (HCPV) modules under illumination has been proposed, allowing recovering information from every individual cell. The valuable cell parameters such as temperature and illumination are measured with a dedicated VLSI integrated circuit (IC) that contains also an integrated 2.4 GHz transmitter with an On-Chip-Antenna (OCA) - made on the top metal layer of the same die - that sends the collected data wirelessly to a base station allowing a complete diagnostic of the module performances over the years. On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation is used to send the sensors data. The IC has been designed and realized in AMS CMOS 0.35μm technology.