Growth of PbS Nanocrystals Thin Films by Chemical Bath

PbS nanocrystalline films growth by chemical bath deposition (CBD) onto glass at deposition temperature of 20 °C. Different doping level was obtained by changing the volume of regent solution V(Ni2+) into PbS growing solution. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical absorption (OA) and Transmission Microscopy Electronic (TEM) measurements were carried out to characterize the films. Using the SEM and AFM, the morphological changes were analyzed.The spectra of x-rays show the angular positions of peaks: 2θ = (26.00, 30.07, 43.10, 51.00 and 53.48), growth on zinc blende face. The grain size (GS) of the sample undoped ~36 nm and doped in range of ~32-5 nm, calculated by employing Scherer's formula. The average GS in the prepared films is observed to be increased wit increase V(Ni2+) doping. Samples are found to be crystalline by TEM in range of 3.5-5 nm very similar to size calculated from XRD. Due to the doping, forbidden band gap energy (Eg) shift show a redshift of the 2.1-3.8 eV. The fundamental optical transition of PbS (0.41 eV) is not observed in these films. A shift of exciton peak towards higher energy with an increased in V(Ni2+) concentration. Furthermore, the dependence of Eg with radius size and interplanar distance (ID) of the lattice is discussed. Gibbs free energy calculation for the V(Ni2+) doping PbS process also included.

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