Hormonal control of renal and systemic glutamine metabolism.

Glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the human body. Recent studies indicate that it may be an important vehicle for interorgan nitrogen and carbon transport. However, relatively little is known about hormonal factors regulating its metabolism in humans. We review here our recent work on the effects of insulin, glucagon and epinephrine on plasma glutamine kinetics and its conversion to glucose by liver and kidney.

[1]  M. Stumvoll,et al.  Role of glutamine in human carbohydrate metabolism in kidney and other tissues. , 1999, Kidney international.

[2]  P. Garlick,et al.  Renal glucose production during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans. , 1999, Diabetes.

[3]  J. Wahren,et al.  Contributions by kidney and liver to glucose production in the postabsorptive state and after 60 h of fasting. , 1999, Diabetes.

[4]  P. Garlick,et al.  Insulin regulation of renal glucose metabolism in humans. , 1999, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[5]  C Meyer,et al.  Effects of physiological hyperinsulinemia on systemic, renal, and hepatic substrate metabolism. , 1998, The American journal of physiology.

[6]  C Meyer,et al.  Effects of glucagon on renal and hepatic glutamine gluconeogenesis in normal postabsorptive humans. , 1998, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[7]  N. Abumrad,et al.  Renal lactate metabolism and gluconeogenesis during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. , 1998, Diabetes.

[8]  M. Stumvoll,et al.  Human kidney and liver gluconeogenesis: evidence for organ substrate selectivity. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[9]  M. Haymond,et al.  Role of Glutamine as a Glucose Precursor in Fasting Humans , 1997, Diabetes.

[10]  M. Stumvoll,et al.  Regulation of gluconeogenesis by glutamine in normal postabsorptive humans. , 1997, The American journal of physiology.

[11]  M. Stumvoll,et al.  Glutamine and Alanine Metabolism in NIDDM , 1996, Diabetes.

[12]  M. Stumvoll,et al.  Glutamine: a major gluconeogenic precursor and vehicle for interorgan carbon transport in man. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[13]  J. Wahren,et al.  Use of 2H2O for estimating rates of gluconeogenesis. Application to the fasted state. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[14]  D. Matthews,et al.  Effect of epinephrine on amino acid and energy metabolism in humans. , 1990, The American journal of physiology.

[15]  D. Matthews,et al.  Physiological hypercortisolemia increases proteolysis, glutamine, and alanine production. , 1988, The American journal of physiology.

[16]  T. Welbourne.  Interorgan glutamine flow in metabolic acidosis. , 1987, The American journal of physiology.

[17]  A. Consoli,et al.  Determination of Krebs cycle metabolic carbon exchange in vivo and its use to estimate the individual contributions of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to overall glucose output in man. , 1987, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[18]  Robert Smith,et al.  Automated Analysis of O-Phthalal-Dehyde Derivatives of Amino Acids in Physiological Fluids by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography , 1985 .

[19]  J. Katz,et al.  Determination of gluconeogenesis in vivo with 14C-labeled substrates. , 1985, The American journal of physiology.

[20]  M. Haymond,et al.  Effects of epinephrine infusion on leucine and alanine kinetics in humans. , 1984, The American journal of physiology.

[21]  M. Kilberg,et al.  The regulation of neutral amino acid transport in mammalian cells. , 1983, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[22]  D. Matthews,et al.  Branched-chain amino acid nitrogen transfer to alamine in vivo in dogs. Direct isotopic determination with [15N]leucine. , 1980, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[23]  S. Joseph,et al.  The effects of ammonium chloride and bicarbonate on the activity of glutaminase in isolated liver mitochondria. , 1978, The Biochemical journal.

[24]  A. Cherrington,et al.  Gluconeogenesis: methodological approaches in vivo. , 1977, Federation proceedings.

[25]  R. Kreisberg,et al.  Lactate Turnover and Gluconeogenesis in Normal and Obese Humans: Effect of Starvation , 1970, Diabetes.

[26]  H. Krebs,et al.  The fate of isotopic carbon in kidney cortex synthesizing glucose from lactate. , 1966, The Biochemical journal.

[27]  H. Krebs,et al.  ACCELERATION OF RENAL GLUCONEOGENESIS BY KETONE BODIES AND FATTY ACIDS. , 1965, The Biochemical journal.

[28]  R. Steele,et al.  ON THE HORMONAL REGULATION OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; STUDIES WITH C14 GLUCOSE. , 1963, Recent progress in hormone research.

[29]  C. Brun.  A rapid method for the determination of para-aminohippuric acid in kidney function tests. , 1951, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.