Visual Impairments: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits

[1]  K. Turano,et al.  Traditional Measures of Mobility Performance and Retinitis Pigmentosa , 1998, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[2]  I L Bailey,et al.  Face recognition in age-related maculopathy. , 1991, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[3]  C. Johnson,et al.  Visual function, driving safety, and the elderly. , 1987, Ophthalmology.

[4]  ALAN W. JOHNSTON.  Visual Characteristics of Low Vision Children , 1990, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[5]  A C Snell,et al.  The Percentage Evaluation of Macular Vision. , 1925, Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.

[6]  I. Bailey,et al.  Visual Factors and Orientation‐Mobility Performance , 1982, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[7]  M. Sloane,et al.  Visual processing impairment and risk of motor vehicle crash among older adults. , 1998, JAMA.

[8]  S. Trauzettel-Klosinski,et al.  Eye movements in reading with hemianopic field defects: the significance of clinical parameters , 1998, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[9]  B. Bengtsson,et al.  Comparing significance and magnitude of glaucomatous visual field defects using the SITA and Full Threshold strategies. , 1999, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[10]  C. Owsley,et al.  Aging, senile miosis and spatial contrast sensitivity at low luminance , 1988, Vision Research.

[11]  M S Banks,et al.  Infant pattern vision: a new approach based on the contrast sensitivity function. , 1981, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[12]  K. Turano,et al.  Mental Effort Required for Walking: Effects of Retinitis Pigmentosa , 1998, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[13]  Susanne Trauzettel-Klosinski,et al.  Reading strategies in normal subjects and in patients with macular scotoma-assessedby two new methods of registration , 1994 .

[14]  R A Schuchard,et al.  Relative locations of macular scotomas near the PRL: effect on low vision reading. , 1999, Journal of rehabilitation research and development.

[15]  A Hall,et al.  Visual Assessment of the Multiply Handicapped Patient , 1989, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[16]  M. mcDonald,et al.  Assessment of visual acuity in toddlers. , 1986, Survey of ophthalmology.

[17]  C Lundberg,et al.  Can a Physician Recognize an Older Driver with Increased Crash Risk Potential? , 1996, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[18]  L A Cushman,et al.  COGNITIVE CAPACITY AND CONCURRENT DRIVING PERFORMANCE IN OLDER DRIVERS , 1996 .

[19]  J. Scharre,et al.  Assessment of Visual Function in Autistic Children , 1992, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[20]  C. Thinus-Blanc,et al.  Representation of space in blind persons: vision as a spatial sense? , 1997, Psychological bulletin.

[21]  D. Ventura,et al.  Large sample population age norms for visual acuities obtained with Vistech-Teller Acuity Cards. , 1995, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[22]  K. Turano,et al.  Visual stabilization of posture in retinitis pigmentosa and in artificially restricted visual fields. , 1993, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[23]  M. Bullimore,et al.  A New Test for the Evaluation of Disability Glare , 1991, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[24]  R. Adams,et al.  Monocular Contrast Sensitivity in 3- to 36-Month-Old Human Infants , 1996, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[25]  Robert M. Guion.  Personnel testing / Robert M. Guion , 1965 .

[26]  W. Charman,et al.  VISUAL STANDARDS FOR DRIVING , 1985, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[27]  B. Bengtsson,et al.  Inter-subject variability and normal limits of the SITA Standard, SITA Fast, and the Humphrey Full Threshold computerized perimetry strategies, SITA STATPAC. , 1999, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[28]  S. Haymes,et al.  Mobility of People with Retinitis Pigmentosa as a Function of Vision and Psychological Variables , 1996, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[29]  A. Norcia,et al.  Spatial frequency sweep VEP: Visual acuity during the first year of life , 1985, Vision Research.

[30]  Robert A. Morris,et al.  Are low vision patients with central visual field loss more sensitive to changes in luminance when reading than are age-matched normals? , 2000 .

[31]  R. Adams,et al.  Contrast Sensitivity in Infants and Children with Down Syndrome , 1997, Vision Research.

[32]  J Atkinson,et al.  Contrast sensitivity function of preschool children. , 1981, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[33]  Ian P. Howard,et al.  Binocular Vision and Stereopsis , 1996 .

[34]  G S Rubin,et al.  A comprehensive assessment of visual impairment in a population of older Americans. The SEE Study. Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project. , 1997, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[35]  J E Lovie-Kitchin,et al.  Oral and silent reading performance with macular degeneration. , 2000, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[36]  C. L. Moore,et al.  The Development of Social Understanding in Children with Visual Impairments , 1995 .

[37]  J Katz,et al.  Blindness and visual impairment in an American urban population. The Baltimore Eye Survey. , 1990, Archives of ophthalmology.

[38]  B. Bengtsson,et al.  Evaluation of a new threshold visual field strategy, SITA, in normal subjects. Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm. , 1998, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[39]  P. Viviani,et al.  Automated visual field examination in children aged 5–8 years Part I: Experimental validation of a testing procedure , 1998, Vision Research.

[40]  R. Glynn,et al.  Association of Visual Impairment with Mobility and Physical Function , 1994, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[41]  Paul J. Beckmann,et al.  Psychophysics of Reading—XIV. The Page Navigation Problem in Using Magnifiers , 1996, Vision Research.

[42]  M. Scher,et al.  VISUAL AND NEUROLOGICAL OUTCOME OF INFANTS WITH PERIVENTRICULAR LEUKOMALACIA , 1989, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[43]  Section on Ophthalmology.  Eye examination and vision screening in infants, children, and young adults. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. , 1996, Pediatrics.

[44]  A Heijl,et al.  Evaluation of a new perimetric threshold strategy, SITA, in patients with manifest and suspect glaucoma. , 1998, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[45]  G. T. Cashell.  Visual function in relation to road accidents. , 1970, Injury.

[46]  Pieter Padmos,et al.  Quality Criteria for Simulator Images: A Literature Review , 1992 .

[47]  A. Berezovsky,et al.  Visual field defects in children with congenital glaucoma. , 2000, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[48]  A. Slater,et al.  Visual deficits in children born at less than 32 weeks' gestation with and without major ocular pathology and cerebral damage. , 1995, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[49]  J. Duin,et al.  Visual defects in children after cerebral hypoxia , 1984, Behavioural Brain Research.

[50]  M. Tinetti,et al.  Predictors of Automobile Crashes and Moving Violations among Elderly Drivers , 1994, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[51]  A J McKnight,et al.  The visual and driving performance of monocular and binocular heavy-duty truck drivers. , 1991, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[52]  M. Yeargin-Allsopp,et al.  A multiple-source method for studying the prevalence of developmental disabilities in children: the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Study. , 1992, Pediatrics.

[53]  L. Martin.  Computerized method to measure glare and contrast sensitivity in cataract patients. , 1999, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[54]  J C Javitt,et al.  Reproducibility and Responsiveness of the VF-14: An Index of Functional Impairment in Patients With Cataracts , 1995 .

[55]  H. Spekreijse,et al.  Early predictors of cerebral visual impairment in infants with cystic leukomalacia. , 1996, Neuropediatrics.

[56]  P. Viviani,et al.  Automated visual field examination in children aged 5–8 years Part II: Normative values , 1998, Vision Research.

[57]  Denis G. Pelli,et al.  THE DESIGN OF A NEW LETTER CHART FOR MEASURING CONTRAST SENSITIVITY , 1988 .

[58]  Mary K. Janke,et al.  ACCIDENT AND CONVICTION RATES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED HEAVY-VEHICLE OPERATORS , 1987 .

[59]  F L Ferris,et al.  Standardizing the measurement of visual acuity for clinical research studies: Guidelines from the Eye Care Technology Forum. , 1996, Ophthalmology.

[60]  Louise L. Sloan,et al.  Reading Cards for Selection of Optical Aids for the Partially Sighted , 1963 .

[61]  A Burg,et al.  VISION TEST SCORES AND DRIVING RECORD: ADDITIONAL FINDINGS , 1968 .

[62]  Contrast sensitivity at age 10 years in children who had threshold retinopathy of prematurity. , 2001, Archives of ophthalmology.

[63]  S. E. Crespo.  The Visually Impaired Child in Latin America: Alternative Programs. , 1988 .

[64]  J. A. Allen.  A STUDY OF THE VISUAL FIELDS OF NORTH CAROLINA DRIVERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ACCIDENTS , 1974 .

[65]  J. Lovie-Kitchin,et al.  What areas of of the visual field are important for mobility in low vision patients , 1990 .

[66]  G. Rubin,et al.  Comparison of acuity, contrast sensitivity, and disability glare before and after cataract surgery. , 1993, Archives of ophthalmology.

[67]  F. Ferris,et al.  New visual acuity charts for clinical research. , 1982, American journal of ophthalmology.

[68]  F. Liao.  Perimetry in young children , 1973 .

[69]  F. Groenendaal,et al.  Visual field and grating acuity development in low-risk preterm infants during the first 2 1/2 years after term , 1992, Behavioural Brain Research.

[70]  Chris A. Johnson,et al.  Influence of glaucomatous visual field loss on health-related quality of life. , 1997, Archives of ophthalmology.

[71]  Daphne L. McCulloch,et al.  Maturation of the pattern-reversal VEP in human infants: a theoretical framework , 1999, Vision Research.

[72]  M Rizzo,et al.  Driving with Alzheimer Disease: The Anatomy of a Crash , 1997, Alzheimer disease and associated disorders.

[73]  D Whitaker,et al.  How Useful are Contrast Sensitivity Charts in Optometric Practice? Case Reports , 1992, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[74]  C. I. Howarth,et al.  Improving Objective Measures of Mobility , 1983 .

[75]  H. Barlow.  Dark and Light Adaptation: Psychophysics , 1972 .

[76]  E. Strelow.  What is needed for a theory of mobility: direct perception and cognitive maps--lessons from the blind. , 1985, Psychological review.

[77]  A. Adams,et al.  Visual acuity changes with age: some new perspectives. , 1988, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[78]  G. Quinn,et al.  Normative values for visual fields in 4- to 12-year-old children using kinetic perimetry. , 1991, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[79]  P. Davison.  INTER‐RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BRITISH DRIVERS‘ VISUAL ABILITIES, AGE AND ROAD ACCIDENT HISTORIES , 1985, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[80]  R. Welsh.  Foundations of Orientation and Mobility , 1979 .

[81]  A Burg,et al.  VISION AND AUDITION IN DRIVING , 1974 .

[82]  J. Gresset,et al.  Risk of accidents among elderly car drivers with visual acuity equal to 6/12 or 6/15 and lack of binocular vision , 1994, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[83]  R Troutbeck,et al.  Effect of restriction of the binocular visual field on driving performance , 1992, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[84]  E. E. Hartmann,et al.  Preschool Vision Screening: Summary of a Task Force Report , 2000, Pediatrics.

[85]  Gary S. Rubin,et al.  The development and evaluation of a reading test for low vision individuals with macular loss , 1987 .

[86]  W. Feuer,et al.  Quality of life of low-vision patients and the impact of low-vision services. , 1999, American journal of ophthalmology.

[87]  D. G. Green,et al.  Monocular versus Binocular Visual Acuity , 1965, Nature.

[88]  N. Janz,et al.  Assessment of health-related quality of life after corneal transplantation. , 1997, American journal of ophthalmology.

[89]  K Ball,et al.  Identifying Correlates of Accident Involvement for the Older Driver , 1991, Human factors.

[90]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Binocular contrast summation—II. Quadratic summation , 1984, Vision Research.

[91]  C Laberge-Nadeau,et al.  Taxi drivers' accidents: how binocular vision problems are related to their rate and severity in terms of the number of victims. , 1997, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[92]  E. Hartmann,et al.  Visual acuity estimates in noncommunicative elderly persons. , 1990, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[93]  C Owsley,et al.  Identifying the content area for the 51-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire: results from focus groups with visually impaired persons. , 1998, Archives of ophthalmology.

[94]  G. Rubin.  RELIABILITY AND SENSITIVITY OF CLINICAL CONTRAST SENSITIVITY TESTS , 1988 .

[95]  Robert C. Mecham,et al.  A study of job characteristics and job dimensions as based on the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). , 1972 .

[96]  J Brabyn,et al.  Remote infrared signage evaluation for transit stations and intersections. , 1999, Journal of rehabilitation research and development.

[97]  S Harland,et al.  Psychophysics of Reading. XVII. Low-Vision Performance with Four Types of Electronically Magnified Text , 1998, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[98]  D. Maurer,et al.  The development of peripheral vision and its physiological underpinnings. , 1991 .

[99]  N. Rumney,et al.  Why do low-vision patients still read slowly with a low-vision aid? , 1991 .

[100]  I. Lie.  Relation of Visual Acuity to Illumination, Contrast, and Distance in the Partially Sighted , 1977, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[101]  R. Mortimer,et al.  Older drivers: their night fatal crash involvement and risk. , 1989, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[102]  A Heijl,et al.  SITA Fast, a new rapid perimetric threshold test. Description of methods and evaluation in patients with manifest and suspect glaucoma. , 1998, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[103]  J. Morris,et al.  Driving Performance in Persons with Mild Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type , 1993, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[104]  Recommended stardard procedures for the clinical measurement and specification of visual acuity. Report of working group 39. Committee on vision. Assembly of Behavioral and Social Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. , 1980, Advances in ophthalmology = Fortschritte der Augenheilkunde = Progres en ophtalmologie.

[105]  C. Mash,et al.  Long-term reliability and predictive validity of the teller acuity card procedure , 1998, Vision Research.

[106]  I L Bailey,et al.  New Design Principles for Visual Acuity Letter Charts* , 1976, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[107]  C Laberge-Nadeau,et al.  Medical conditions and the severity of commercial motor vehicle drivers' road accidents. , 1996, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[108]  D. Fryback,et al.  Treatment choice and quality of life in patients with choroidal melanoma. , 1999, Archives of ophthalmology.

[109]  C A Johnson,et al.  Automated kinetic perimetry: an efficient method of evaluating peripheral visual field loss. , 1987, Applied optics.

[110]  M. Bullimore,et al.  Assessing the reliability, discriminative ability, and validity of disability glare tests. , 1993, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[111]  K. Ball,et al.  Vision impairment, eye disease, and injurious motor vehicle crashes in the elderly. , 1998, Ophthalmic epidemiology.

[112]  D. Roth,et al.  Useful Field of View and Other Neurocognitive Indicators of Crash Risk in Older Adults , 2004, Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings.

[113]  Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin,et al.  Senile Macular Degeneration: Management and Rehabilitation , 1985 .

[114]  H. Jampel,et al.  A whole-field scotopic retinal sensitivity test for the detection of early glaucoma damage. , 1992, Archives of ophthalmology.

[115]  G. Rogers,et al.  Contrast sensitivity functions in normal children with the Vistech method. , 1987, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[116]  N. Auestad,et al.  Visual Acuity, Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Composition, and Growth in Term Infants Fed Formulas with Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for One Year , 1997, Pediatric Research.

[117]  A. C. Snell.  VISUAL EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS DEGREES OF SUBNORMAL VISUAL ACUITY: ITS EFFECT ON EARNING ABILITY , 1925 .

[118]  J. Brabyn,et al.  Seeing into old age: vision function beyond acuity. , 1999, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[119]  I. Appollonio,et al.  Sensory impairments and mortality in an elderly community population: a six-year follow-up study. , 1995, Age and ageing.

[120]  P. Dargent-Molina,et al.  Sensory impairments and physical disability in aged women living at home. , 1996, International journal of epidemiology.

[121]  E. Reed.  The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception , 1989 .

[122]  L. Goldman,et al.  Prediction of Visual Function After Cataract Surgery , 1995 .

[123]  R. Saunders,et al.  Effect of acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity on grating acuity development in the very low birth weight infant. The Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. , 1994, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[124]  J R Treat,et al.  Reliability and validity assessments of a newly developed battery of driving related vision tests , 1975 .

[125]  G E Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading. IV. Wavelength effects in normal and low vision. , 1986, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[126]  Rachel V. North.  Work and the Eye , 1994 .

[127]  R. Adams,et al.  Retest Variability of Human Infant Contrast Sensitivity: How Many Tests Are Sufficient? , 2000, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[128]  R. Adams,et al.  Visual acuity assessment from birth to three years using the acuity card procedure: cross-sectional and longitudinal samples. , 1990, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[129]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading. XVIII. The effect of print size on reading speed in normal peripheral vision , 1998, Vision Research.

[130]  K. Ball,et al.  Visual attention problems as a predictor of vehicle crashes in older drivers. , 1993, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[131]  David W. Miller,et al.  Contrast Sensitivity and Glare Testing in Corneal Disease , 1990 .

[132]  Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin,et al.  Repeatability and Intercorrelations of Standard Vision Tests as a Function of Age , 2000, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[133]  David Whitaker,et al.  Clinical contrast sensitivity chart evaluation , 1992, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[134]  S Pardhan,et al.  Binocular performance in patients with unilateral cataract using the regan test: Binocular summation and inhibition with low-contrast charts , 1993, Eye.

[135]  P. Viviani,et al.  Does visual sensitivity improve between 5 and 8 years? A study of automated visual field examination , 1999, Vision Research.

[136]  Gary S. Rubin,et al.  Low vision reading with sequential word presentation , 1994, Vision Research.

[137]  A. Fulton,et al.  Visual development of infants with severe ocular disorders. , 1991, Ophthalmology.

[138]  A P Ginsburg,et al.  A New Contrast Sensitivity Vision Test Chart , 1984, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[139]  P. Mitchell,et al.  Visual acuity and the causes of visual loss in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study. , 1996, Ophthalmology.

[140]  L L SLOAN,et al.  New test charts for the measurement of visual acuity at far and near distances. , 1959, American journal of ophthalmology.

[141]  A. Bird,et al.  Symptomatic abnormalities of dark adaptation in patients with age-related Bruch's membrane change. , 1993, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[142]  A. Cross.  Health screening in schools. Part I. , 1985, The Journal of pediatrics.

[143]  MARISA CARRASCO,et al.  Cortical Magnification Neutralizes the Eccentricity Effect in Visual Search , 1997, Vision Research.

[144]  C. Mangione,et al.  Influence of age-related maculopathy on visual functioning and health-related quality of life. , 1999, American journal of ophthalmology.

[145]  Gs Rubin,et al.  Does Contrast Sensitivity Predict face Recognition Performance in Low-Vision Observers? , 1990, Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System.

[146]  M. D. Orlansky.  Assessment of Visually Impaired Infants and Preschool Children , 1988 .

[147]  A. Sommer,et al.  The cause-specific prevalence of visual impairment in an urban population. The Baltimore Eye Survey. , 1996, Ophthalmology.

[148]  G E Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading. Clinical predictors of low-vision reading speed. , 1992, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[149]  D Shinar,et al.  DRIVER VISUAL LIMITATIONS DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT , 1977 .

[150]  F. Landy.  Psychology of work behavior, 4th ed. , 1989 .

[151]  GORDON E. LEGGE,et al.  PSYCHOPHYSICS OF READING: XIX , 2003 .

[152]  K. Preston,et al.  Monocular and Binocular Acuity Estimation in 18‐ to 36‐Month‐Olds: Acuity Card Results , 1986, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[153]  B. Bertuccelli.  Visual outcome at 5 years of newborn infants at risk of cerebral visual impairment , 1998, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[154]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Contrast Polarity Effects in Low Vision Reading , 1987 .

[155]  Massey Jt,et al.  Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey 1985-94. , 1989 .

[156]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  PSYCHOPHYSICS OF READING: VII. COMPREHENSION IN NORMAL AND LOW VISION , 1989 .

[157]  L. Garner,et al.  Comparison of three methods of evaluating glare , 1992, Acta ophthalmologica.

[158]  A W Johnston,et al.  The development of the Melbourne low-vision ADL index: a measure of vision disability. , 2001, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[159]  F. Graham,et al.  Development in preschool children of the ability to copy forms. , 1960, Child development.

[160]  B W Gillespie,et al.  Quality of life in newly diagnosed glaucoma patients : The Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study. , 2001, Ophthalmology.

[161]  Gordon E Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading XX. Linking letter recognition to reading speed in central and peripheral vision , 2001, Vision Research.

[162]  R. North.  THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXTENT OF VISUAL FIELD AND DRIVING PERFORMANCE—A REVIEW , 1985, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[163]  A. Rydberg,et al.  Assessment of contrast sensitivity in children aged 3 years 9 months - 6 years with normal vision, visual impairment due to ocular disease and strabismic amblyopia. , 1999, Strabismus.

[164]  G E Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading. XV: Font effects in normal and low vision. , 1996, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[165]  Gary S. Rubin,et al.  Reading without saccadic eye movements , 1992, Vision Research.

[166]  G. Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading. VI—The role of contrast in low vision , 1989, Vision Research.

[167]  K. Ball,et al.  Visual/cognitive correlates of vehicle accidents in older drivers. , 1991, Psychology and aging.

[168]  A. C. Neumann,et al.  Glare disability devices for cataractous eyes: A consumer's guide , 1988, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[169]  A. Damiano,et al.  The VF-14. An index of functional impairment in patients with cataract. , 1994, Archives of ophthalmology.

[170]  G. Frisoni,et al.  Sensory Impairment and Quality of Life in a Community Elderly Population , 1993, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[171]  R. Hays,et al.  Psychometric properties of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ). NEI-VFQ Field Test Investigators , 1998 .

[172]  E F Cook,et al.  Development of the Activities of Daily Vision Scale: A Measure of Visual Functional Status , 1992, Medical care.

[173]  A Hofman,et al.  Age-specific prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in an older population: the Rotterdam Study. , 1998, Archives of ophthalmology.

[174]  M. C. Flom,et al.  Prevalence of amblyopia. , 1966, American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry.

[175]  C. Minshull,et al.  The incidence and prevalence of amblyopia detected in childhood. , 1991, Public health.

[176]  Beth T. Stalvey,et al.  Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Tasks: Relationship to Visual Function in Older Adults , 2001, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[177]  E. Palmer,et al.  Visual fields measured with double-arc perimetry in eyes with threshold retinopathy of prematurity from the cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity trial. The CRYO-Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. , 1996, Ophthalmology.

[178]  I L Bailey,et al.  Reading and eye movements in age-related maculopathy. , 1995, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[179]  J R Buncic,et al.  Which ocular and neurologic conditions cause disparate results in visual acuity scores recorded with visually evoked potential and teller acuity cards? , 2000, Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.

[180]  David B Elliott,et al.  Comparing clinical tests of visual function in cataract with the patient's perceived visual disability , 1990, Eye.

[181]  S. Cole,et al.  The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire: experience of the ONTT. Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. , 2000, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[182]  P. McGraw,et al.  Glasgow Acuity Cards: a new test for the measurement of letter acuity in children , 1993, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[183]  D B Elliott,et al.  The reliability of the Pelli‐Robson contrast sensitivity chart , 1990, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[184]  R. Beck,et al.  The Pelli-Robson letter chart: normative data for young adults , 1993 .

[185]  R. Adams,et al.  Contrast Sensitivity in 24- and 36-Month-Olds as Assessed with the Contrast Sensitivity Card Procedure , 1993, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[186]  R. Sekuler,et al.  Visual changes in daily life throughout adulthood. , 1988, Journal of gerontology.

[187]  W. Geisler,et al.  Separation of low-level and high-level factors in complex tasks: visual search. , 1995, Psychological review.

[188]  Frederick A. Stam.  Guide to the Evaluation of Visual Impairment , 1962 .

[189]  Wohlwill Jf,et al.  Developmental studies of perception. , 1960 .

[190]  P. Rabbitt,et al.  Simulated visual impairment : effects on text comprehension and reading speed , 1991 .

[191]  K Rayner,et al.  Reading without a fovea. , 1979, Science.

[192]  D. Teller,et al.  ASSESSMENT OF VISUAL ACUITY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN; THE ACUITY CARD PROCEDURE , 1986, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[193]  Denis G. Pelli,et al.  Visual requirements of mobility (A) , 1983 .

[194]  J. Cronly-Dillon,et al.  Vision and visual dysfunction. , 1994, Journal of cognitive neuroscience.

[195]  C. Owsley,et al.  PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE EYE , 2022 .

[196]  Ronald P. Carver,et al.  Reading Rate: A Review of Research and Theory , 1990 .

[197]  B L Hills,et al.  A reanalysis of California driver vision data: general findings , 1977 .

[198]  J. Gibson.  Visually controlled locomotion and visual orientation in animals. , 1998, British journal of psychology.

[199]  S. Donahue,et al.  SITA visual field testing in children. , 2001, Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.

[200]  H. Teuber,et al.  DISCRIMINATION OF DIRECTION OF LINE IN CHILDREN. , 1963, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[201]  N. Marlow,et al.  Visual impairment in very low birthweight children , 1997, Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition.

[202]  F. D. Ellis,et al.  Pediatric ophthalmology practice , 1984 .

[203]  Michelle Viisola.  Statistics on Children with Visual Impairments. , 1999 .

[204]  A. Burg.  The relationship between vision test scores and driving record; general findings , 1967 .

[205]  R. Lakowski,et al.  Identification of grades of fuel oil by red-green deficient observers. , 1978, Modern problems in ophthalmology.

[206]  P. Beek,et al.  Reading with magnifiers. , 1996, Ergonomics.

[207]  W. Feuer,et al.  Visual function and quality of life among patients with glaucoma. , 1997, Archives of ophthalmology.

[208]  M. Lawton,et al.  Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living , 1969 .

[209]  H. Rootzén,et al.  A new generation of algorithms for computerized threshold perimetry, SITA. , 2009, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[210]  D. Friendly.  Preschool visual acuity screening tests. , 1978, Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.

[211]  Beth T. Stalvey,et al.  Visual risk factors for crash involvement in older drivers with cataract. , 2001, Archives of ophthalmology.

[212]  R. Klein,et al.  The Beaver Dam Health Outcomes study , 1993, Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making.

[213]  M. Tinetti,et al.  Development of a Test Battery to Identify Older Drivers at Risk for Self‐Reported Adverse Driving Events , 1998, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[214]  M. Mcmurdo,et al.  Dark adaptation and falls in the elderly. , 1991, Gerontology.

[215]  K L Petre,et al.  Reading with Eccentric Fixation is Faster in Inferior Visual Field Than in Left Visual Field , 2000, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[216]  W. L. Mihal,et al.  Individual differences in perceptual information processing and their relation to automobile accident involvement. , 1976, The Journal of applied psychology.

[217]  D. Mackey,et al.  Vigabatrin-associated visual field defects in children , 2000, Eye.

[218]  G. Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading—I. Normal vision , 1985, Vision Research.

[219]  R. Klein,et al.  The Beaver Dam Eye Study: visual acuity. , 1991, Ophthalmology.

[220]  Cynthia Owsley,et al.  Aging and scotopic sensitivity , 1998, Vision Research.

[221]  J. Szlyk,et al.  Perceived and actual performance of daily tasks: relationship to visual function tests in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. , 2001, Ophthalmology.

[222]  M. Clancy,et al.  Comparison of the HOTV and Lea Symbols charts for preschool vision screening. , 1997, Journal of ophthalmic nursing & technology.

[223]  A. M. Rohaly,et al.  Modeling the contrast-sensitivity functions of older adults. , 1993, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[224]  R. Havlik,et al.  Aging in the eighties: impaired senses for sound and light in persons age 65 years and over , 1984 .

[225]  B. Luna,et al.  GRATING ACUITY AND VISUAL FIELD DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS FOLLOWING PERINATAL ASPHYXIA , 1995, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[226]  J. A. Brabyn,et al.  Computer-analyzed measures of characteristics of human locomotion and mobility , 1977 .

[227]  K. Turano,et al.  Mobility performance in glaucoma. , 1999, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[228]  S. Furner,et al.  The relationship of visual and hearing impairments to disability: an analysis using the longitudinal study of aging. , 1993, Journal of gerontology.

[229]  A Arditi,et al.  On the statistical reliability of letter-chart visual acuity measurements. , 1993, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[230]  M. Albert,et al.  Performance-based driving evaluation of the elderly driver: safety, reliability, and validity. , 1994, Journal of gerontology.

[231]  M. Tinker.  Legibility of print , 1963 .

[232]  A Arditi,et al.  Binocular enhancement of visual acuity. , 1993, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[233]  Multicenter trial of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity. Snellen visual acuity and structural outcome at 5 1/2 years after randomization. , 1996, Archives of ophthalmology.

[234]  Effect of retinal ablative therapy for threshold retinopathy of prematurity: results of Goldmann perimetry at the age of 10 years. , 2001, Archives of ophthalmology.

[235]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Currency features for visually impaired people , 1996, Electronic Imaging.

[236]  D. Schaffer,et al.  Measurement of Goldmann visual fields in older children who received cryotherapy as infants for threshold retinopathy of prematurity. , 1996, Archives of ophthalmology.

[237]  M. Schneck,et al.  The Relation Between Visual Acuity and Other Spatial Vision Measures , 2000, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[238]  J. Wild,et al.  The SITA perimetric threshold algorithms in glaucoma. , 1999, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[239]  I. Nissenkorn,et al.  Late visual field changes following cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity stage 3. , 1995, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[240]  C. Owsley,et al.  Contrast sensitivity, acuity, and the perception of 'real-world' targets. , 1987, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[241]  J E Sheedy,et al.  Visual Acuity and Chart Luminance , 1984, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[242]  A. Arditi,et al.  Self-Report in Functional Assessment of Low Vision , 1990 .

[243]  R. Knighton,et al.  The photostress recovery test in the clinical assessment of visual function. , 1977, American journal of ophthalmology.

[244]  A. Hedin,et al.  Effects of visual field defects on driving performance , 1987 .

[245]  Robert Fox,et al.  The psychophysical inquiry into binocular summation , 1973 .

[246]  Daphne Maurer,et al.  The development of the temporal and nasal visual fields during infancy , 1992, Vision Research.

[247]  J. L. Elliott,et al.  Visual Correlates of Obstacle Avoidance in Adults with Low Vision , 1998, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[248]  R. Sekuler,et al.  Aging and low-contrast vision: face perception. , 1981, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[249]  T. Kuyk,et al.  Environmental variables and mobility performance in adults with low vision. , 1996, Journal of the American Optometric Association.

[250]  A. Coleman,et al.  Functional status and well-being in patients with glaucoma as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 questionnaire. , 1998, Ophthalmology.

[251]  J. Németh,et al.  Conversion Formulas between Automated-Perimetry Indexes as Measured by Two Different Types of Instrument , 2001, Ophthalmologica.

[252]  Joanne M. Wood,et al.  Vision and Driving: Selective Effect of Optical Blur on Different Driving Tasks , 1998, Hum. Factors.

[253]  Vision screening of individuals with severe or profound mental retardation. , 1993, Mental retardation.

[254]  A. Fielder,et al.  Delayed visual maturation. , 1985, Transactions of the ophthalmological societies of the United Kingdom.

[255]  Susan J Leat,et al.  The validity of current clinical tests of contrast sensitivity and their ability to predict reading speed in low vision , 1997, Eye.

[256]  Hans Strasburger,et al.  Reaction time in automated kinetic perimetry: effects of stimulus luminance, eccentricity, and movement direction , 2001, Vision Research.

[257]  I L Bailey,et al.  Effect of Luminance, Contrast, and Eccentricity on Visual Acuity in Senile Macular Degeneration , 1984, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[258]  J. Atkinson,et al.  Visual acuity testing of young children with the Cambridge Crowding Cards at 3 and 6 m , 1988, Acta ophthalmologica.

[259]  K Bandeen-Roche,et al.  Functional status and quality of life measurement among ophthalmic patients. , 1994, Archives of ophthalmology.

[260]  C. Owsley,et al.  Vision and Driving in the Elderly , 1994, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[261]  Chris A. Johnson,et al.  Comparison of central and peripheral visual field properties in the optic neuritis treatment trial. , 1996, American journal of ophthalmology.

[262]  C. Johnson,et al.  Incidence of visual field loss in 20,000 eyes and its relationship to driving performance. , 1983, Archives of ophthalmology.

[263]  G S Rubin,et al.  Assessing functional status: correlation between performance on tasks conducted in a clinic setting and performance on the same task conducted at home. The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project Team. , 1997, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[264]  F. Fankhauser,et al.  The effects of weighting the “mean defect” visual field index according to threshold variability in the central and midperipheral visual field , 2004, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[265]  G. Haegerstrom-Portnoy,et al.  New procedures for evaluating vision functions of special populations. , 1993, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[266]  Douglas R. Anderson.  Automated Static Perimetry , 1992 .

[267]  Andrea Guzzetta,et al.  Correlation between visual function, neurodevelopmental outcome, and magnetic resonance imaging findings in infants with periventricular leucomalacia , 2000, Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition.

[268]  R. Bremner.  The unseen minority: A social history of blindness in America , 1976 .

[269]  D. Maurer,et al.  Constriction of the visual field of children after early visual deprivation. , 1997, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[270]  J. Wood.  How do visual status and age impact on driving performance as measured on a closed circuit driving track? , 1999, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[271]  B. Munoz,et al.  Monocular versus binocular visual acuity as measures of vision impairment and predictors of visual disability. , 2000, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[272]  R. Klein,et al.  Psychometric properties of the 25-item NEI-VFQ in a Hispanic population: Proyecto VER. , 2001, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[273]  D. Maurer,et al.  Sensitivity in the nasal and temporal hemifields in children treated for cataract. , 1993, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[274]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Psychophysics of reading—V. The role of contrast in normal vision , 1987, Vision Research.

[275]  E. Peli,et al.  Copyright © Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Image Enhancement for the Visually Impaired Simulations and Experimental Results , 2022 .

[276]  M. I. Ehrlich,et al.  Preschool vision screening for amblyopia and strabismus. Programs, methods, guidelines, 1983. , 1983, Survey of ophthalmology.

[277]  K Bandeen-Roche,et al.  Function and visual impairment in a population-based study of older adults. The SEE project. Salisbury Eye Evaluation. , 1997, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[278]  J. Holladay,et al.  Brightness acuity test and outdoor visual acuity in cataract patients , 1987, Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.

[279]  Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in cataract: Summation and inhibition of visual performance , 1991, Eye.

[280]  B Brown,et al.  Contribution of Vision Variables to Mobility in Age‐Related Maculopathy Patients , 1986, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[281]  D Whitaker,et al.  Visual acuity changes throughout adulthood in normal, healthy eyes: seeing beyond 6/6. , 1995, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[282]  J. Wood,et al.  Elderly Drivers and Simulated Visual Impairment , 1995, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[283]  H. W. Hofstetter.  Visual acuity and highway accidents. , 1976, Journal of the American Optometric Association.

[284]  I. Rosow,et al.  A Guttman health scale for the aged. , 1966, Journal of gerontology.

[285]  Louise L. Sloan,et al.  Variation of acuity with luminance in ocular diseases and anomalies , 1969, Documenta Ophthalmologica.

[286]  Bernhard Schölkopf,et al.  View-Based Cognitive Mapping and Path Planning , 1995, Adapt. Behav..

[287]  R. Cumming,et al.  Sensory impairment and driving: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. , 1999, American journal of public health.

[288]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Binocular contrast summation—I. Detection and discrimination , 1984, Vision Research.

[289]  R. Adams,et al.  The predictive utility of the Teller acuity cards for assessing visual outcome in children with preterm birth and associated perinatal risks , 2000, Vision Research.

[290]  Alexander Todorov,et al.  Looking at Employment through a Lifespan Telescope: Age, Health, and Employment Status of People with Serious Visual Impairment. , 1999 .

[291]  M. Yamamoto,et al.  Changes in the visual field after photocoagulation or cryotherapy in children with retinopathy of prematurity. , 1991, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[292]  GUIDES to the evaluation of permanent impairment; the visual system. , 1958, Journal of the American Medical Association.

[293]  G S Rubin,et al.  The association of multiple visual impairments with self-reported visual disability: SEE project. , 2001, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[294]  K Bandeen-Roche,et al.  Characteristics of discrepancies between self-reported visual function and measured reading speed. Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project Team. , 1999, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[295]  A. Safir.  Congenital and acquired color vision defects , 1982 .

[296]  M. Gordon,et al.  Corneal Scarring and Vision in Keratoconus: A Baseline Report from the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study , 2000, Cornea.

[297]  J. G. Strong,et al.  Demographic characteristics of the vision-disabled elderly. , 1997, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[298]  M. Laplante,et al.  Disability in the United States: Prevalence and Causes , 1996 .

[299]  R. Klein,et al.  The NEI-VFQ-25 in people with long-term type 1 diabetes mellitus: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. , 2001, Archives of ophthalmology.

[300]  J. Rieser,et al.  Visual experience, visual field size, and the development of nonvisual sensitivity to the spatial structure of outdoor neighborhoods explored by walking. , 1992, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[301]  E. Harvey,et al.  Grating acuity and visual‐field development in children with intraventricular hemorrhage , 1997, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[302]  I L Bailey,et al.  The Design and Use of a New Near‐Vision Chart , 1980, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[303]  K. Turano,et al.  Visual stabilization of posture in persons with central visual field loss. , 1996, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[304]  D. Mayer,et al.  Visual acuity development in infants and young children, as assessed by operant preferential looking , 1982, Vision Research.

[305]  P T de Jong,et al.  Intraocular light scattering in age-related cataracts. , 1992, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[306]  William D. Spector,et al.  The Relationship of Vision and Hearing Impairment to One-Year Mortality and Functional Decline , 1992 .

[307]  R. Home,et al.  Binocular summation: A study of contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and recognition , 1978, Vision Research.

[308]  S. Z. Nagi.  Some conceptual issues in disability and rehabilitation , 1965 .

[309]  G. Dutton,et al.  Visual acuity assessment of children with neurological impairment using grating and vanishing optotype acuity cards. , 2009, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[310]  M G Maguire,et al.  Assessment of visual function in patients with age-related macular degeneration and low visual acuity. , 1988, Archives of ophthalmology.

[311]  S. Whittaker,et al.  Visual Requirements for Reading , 1993, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[312]  P. O. Bishop,et al.  Spatial vision. , 1971, Annual review of psychology.

[313]  L L Sloan,et al.  High illumination as an auxiliary reading aid in diseases of the macula. , 1973, American journal of ophthalmology.

[314]  R. Klein,et al.  Blindness, visual impairment and the problem of uncorrected refractive error in a Mexican-American population: Proyecto VER. , 2002, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[315]  P. Viviani,et al.  Feasibility of automated visual field examination in children between 5 and 8 years of age. , 1996, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[316]  Beatriz Munoz,et al.  Causes of blindness and visual impairment in a population-based sample of U.S. Hispanics. , 2002, Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn.).

[317]  B. Cole,et al.  Are colour vision standards justified for the transport industry? , 1988, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[318]  K. Nakayama,et al.  Stimulus discriminability in visual search , 1994, Vision Research.

[319]  R. Adams,et al.  VISUAL ACUITY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME , 1994, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[320]  L. McCloskey,et al.  Motor vehicle collision injuries and sensory impairments of older drivers. , 1994, Age and ageing.

[321]  R K Jones,et al.  Why two eyes are better than one: the two views of binocular vision. , 1981, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[322]  J. Wagenaar,et al.  Binocular vision and fusion movements , 2004, Documenta Ophthalmologica.

[323]  Deryck Humphries,et al.  THREE SOUTH AFRICAN STUDIES ON THE RELATION BETWEEN ROAD ACCIDENTS AND DRIVERS‘ VISION , 1987 .

[324]  T. Hirose,et al.  Correlating preferential looking visual acuity and visual behavior in severely visually handicapped children. , 2009, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[325]  Richard A. Lewis,et al.  JAWS (Joint Automated Weighting Statistic): a method of converting results between automated perimeters , 1987 .

[326]  J. Demer,et al.  Dynamic visual acuity with telescopic spectacles: improvement with adaptation. , 1988, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[327]  L Goldman,et al.  Improved visual function and attenuation of declines in health-related quality of life after cataract extraction. , 1994, Archives of ophthalmology.

[328]  R Lakowski,et al.  Static perimetry in young children. , 1969, Vision research.

[329]  J. Morales,et al.  The feasibility of short automated static perimetry in children. , 2001, Ophthalmology.

[330]  L. Fried,et al.  Visual Impairment and Disability in Older Adults , 1994, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[331]  V. Dobson,et al.  When Does Measured Visual Field Extent Become Adult-like? It Depends , 2000 .

[332]  John A. Brabyn,et al.  Visual Impairments in Elderly People under Everyday Viewing Conditions , 2000 .

[333]  I L Bailey,et al.  Clinical grading and the effects of scaling. , 1991, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[334]  E.W. Hill,et al.  Mobility in Individuals with Moderate Visual Impairments , 1990 .

[335]  O. N. Rood,et al.  ON COLOR BLINDNESS. , 1898, Science.

[336]  M. B. Shields,et al.  Automated kinetic perimetry with two peripheral isopters in glaucoma. , 1989, Archives of ophthalmology.

[337]  E. Boltshauser,et al.  Visual field constriction is not limited to children treated with vigabatrin. , 1999, Neuropediatrics.

[338]  S J Leat,et al.  What is low vision? A re-evaluation of definitions. , 1999, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[339]  T. Kuyk,et al.  Visual factors and mobility in persons with age-related macular degeneration. , 1999, Journal of rehabilitation research and development.

[340]  E. Tolman.  Cognitive maps in rats and men. , 1948, Psychological review.

[341]  Anthony M. Norcia,et al.  Development of contrast sensitivity in the human infant , 1990, Vision Research.

[342]  E. Harvey,et al.  The Influence of a Central Stimulus on Visual Field Measurements in Children from 3.5 to 30 Months of Age , 1997, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[343]  D Shinar,et al.  Visual Requirements for Safety and Mobility of Older Drivers , 1991, Human factors.

[344]  G. Quinn,et al.  Distance and near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields of 10-year-old children. , 1999, Archives of ophthalmology.

[345]  R. Hays,et al.  The impact of blurred vision on functioning and well-being. , 1997, Ophthalmology.

[346]  A. Sadun,et al.  Threshold Amsler grid testing in diabetic retinopathy , 2004, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[347]  A. Jette,et al.  Impairment and disability in the aged. , 1985, Journal of chronic diseases.

[348]  Ian L. Bailey,et al.  Task Complexity and Visual Acuity in Senile Macular Degeneration , 1981 .

[349]  L Staplin,et al.  Retrospective evaluation of alternative vision screening criteria for older and younger drivers. , 1993, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[350]  Robert W. Massof,et al.  Distributions of Print Sizes in U.S. Newspapers , 1997 .

[351]  E Peli,et al.  Image enhancement for the visually impaired: the effects of enhancement on face recognition. , 1994, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[352]  G. R. Jackson,et al.  Delays in rod-mediated dark adaptation in early age-related maculopathy. , 2001, Ophthalmology.

[353]  GORDON E. LEGGE,et al.  Psychophysics of Reading. VIII. The Minnesota Low- Vision Reading Test , 1989, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[354]  B. Ford.  International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps , 1984, Releve epidemiologique hebdomadaire.

[355]  S. Z. Nagi.  An epidemiology of disability among adults in the United States. , 1976, The Milbank Memorial Fund quarterly. Health and society.

[356]  B. Luna,et al.  Long‐term grating acuity and visual‐field development in preterm children who experienced bronchopulmonary dysplasia , 1997, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[357]  R. Cumming,et al.  Visual impairment and risk of hip fracture. , 2000, American journal of epidemiology.

[358]  D. Roenker,et al.  Developmental changes in attention and visual search throughout adulthood. , 1990 .

[359]  E Peli,et al.  Scrolled and rapid serial visual presentation texts are read at similar rates by the visually impaired. , 1995, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[360]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Relation of a test of attention to road accidents. , 1973 .

[361]  S. Jacobson,et al.  Automated light- and dark-adapted perimetry for evaluating retinitis pigmentosa. , 1986, Ophthalmology.

[362]  R. Hertle,et al.  Multicenter trial of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity. , 2001, Pediatrics.

[363]  S. Cotter,et al.  Normative Contrast Sensitivity Data for Young Children , 1990, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[364]  M. Rizzo,et al.  Simulated Car Crashes and Crash Predictors in Drivers With Alzheimer Disease , 1997 .

[365]  R. Adams,et al.  A New Technique to Measure Contrast Sensitivity in Human Infants , 1992, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[366]  M Carrasco,et al.  The interaction of objective and subjective organizations in a localization search task , 1995, Perception & psychophysics.

[367]  G. Quinn,et al.  Visual fields in 4- to 10-year-old children using Goldmann and double-arc perimeters. , 1991, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[368]  D Whitaker,et al.  Contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity changes with three types of cataract morphology: are these techniques necessary in a clinical evaluation of cataract? , 1989, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians.

[369]  Gordon E. Legge,et al.  Measuring Braille reading speed with the MNREAD test , 1999 .

[370]  Karen Bandeen-Roche,et al.  The association of vision, cognition, and attention with crashes in an older American population: See study , 1999 .

[371]  D. Spinelli,et al.  Eye Movement Patterns in Reading as a Function of Visual Field Defects and Contrast Sensitivity Loss , 1996, Cortex.

[372]  J. Wood,et al.  The effect of artificial visual impairment on functional visual fields and driving performance , 1993 .

[373]  D. Massie,et al.  Traffic accident involvement rates by driver age and gender. , 1995, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[374]  D L Mayer,et al.  Monocular acuity norms for the Teller Acuity Cards between ages one month and four years. , 1995, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[375]  S. Shirato,et al.  The relationship between visual disability and visual scores in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. , 1999, Japanese journal of ophthalmology.

[376]  J. Duchek,et al.  Attention and driving performance in Alzheimer's disease. , 1998, The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences.

[377]  Myron L. Wolbarsht.  Tests for glare sensitivity and peripheral vision in driver applicants. , 1977 .

[378]  L. Wilkins.  Visual field constriction in children treated with vigabatrin , 2000, Neurology.

[379]  M. Weitzman,et al.  Comparison between Tendency-Oriented Perimetry (TOP) and octopus threshold perimetry. , 2000, Ophthalmology.

[380]  Anne B. Fulton,et al.  Visual fields of young children , 1988, Behavioural Brain Research.