Interferometric array design: Optimizing the locations of the antenna pads

The design of an interferometric array should allow optimal instrumental response regarding all possible source positions, times of integration and scientic goals. It should also take into account constraints such as forbidden regions on the ground due to impracticable topography. The complexity of the problem requires one to proceed by steps. A possible approach is to rst consider a single observation and a single scientic purpose. A new algorithm is introduced to solve eciently this particular problem called the conguration problem. It is based on the computation of pressure forces related to the discrepancies between the model (as determined by the scientic purpose) and the actual distribution of Fourier samples. The flexibility and rapidity of the method are well adapted to the full array design. A software named APO that can be used for the design of new generation interferometers such as ALMA and ATA has been developed.