Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a threat to global control of tuberculosis

[1]  H. Schünemann,et al.  The 2011 update of the World Health Organization guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis , 2011 .

[2]  S. Heysell,et al.  Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in children with human immunodeficiency virus in rural South Africa. , 2010, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[3]  A. Nunn,et al.  Global tuberculosis drug development pipeline: the need and the reality , 2010, The Lancet.

[4]  S. Kaufmann,et al.  New vaccines for tuberculosis , 2010, The Lancet.

[5]  Philippe Glaziou,et al.  Tuberculosis control and elimination 2010–50: cure, care, and social development , 2010, The Lancet.

[6]  C. Kvasnovsky,et al.  Early treatment outcomes and HIV status of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study , 2010, The Lancet.

[7]  Alimuddin Zumla,et al.  Biomarkers and diagnostics for tuberculosis: progress, needs, and translation into practice , 2010, The Lancet.

[8]  M. Raviglione,et al.  New drugs and new regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis: review of the drug development pipeline and implications for national programmes , 2010, Current opinion in pulmonary medicine.

[9]  D. van Soolingen,et al.  Possible underlying mechanisms for successful emergence of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains. , 2010, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[10]  G. Kaplan,et al.  Advances in immunotherapy for tuberculosis treatment. , 2009, Clinics in chest medicine.

[11]  Madhukar Pai,et al.  Novel and improved technologies for tuberculosis diagnosis: progress and challenges. , 2009, Clinics in chest medicine.

[12]  K. Dheda,et al.  Multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Africa and South America: epidemiology, diagnosis and management in adults and children. , 2009, Clinics in chest medicine.

[13]  K. Kariatsumari,et al.  Aggressive surgical treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2009, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[14]  C. Dye,et al.  Slow Elimination of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis , 2009, Science Translational Medicine.

[15]  P. Farmer,et al.  Early Outcomes of MDR-TB Treatment in a High HIV-Prevalence Setting in Southern Africa , 2009, PloS one.

[16]  A. Benedetti,et al.  Standardized Treatment of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Previous Treatment and/or with Mono-resistance to Isoniazid: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis , 2009, PLoS medicine.

[17]  T. Sterling,et al.  Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: the effect of duration and timing of fluoroquinolone exposure. , 2009, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[18]  J. Bernardo,et al.  How are we creating fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis? , 2009, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[19]  P. Donald,et al.  Long-term linezolid treatment in a young child with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2009, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

[20]  Parissa Farnia,et al.  Emergence of new forms of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis bacilli: super extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis or totally drug-resistant strains in iran. , 2009, Chest.

[21]  C. Horsburgh,et al.  Improved early results for patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa. , 2009, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[22]  D. van Soolingen,et al.  Clusters of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cases, Europe , 2009, Emerging infectious diseases.

[23]  P. Hopewell,et al.  Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide pharmacokinetics and treatment outcomes among a predominantly HIV-infected cohort of adults with tuberculosis from Botswana. , 2009, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[24]  H. Blumberg,et al.  Over the Counter Availability of Antituberculosis Drugs in Tbilisi, Georgia in the Setting of a High Prevalence of MDR-TB , 2009, Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases.

[25]  John N Nkengasong,et al.  Critical role of developing national strategic plans as a guide to strengthen laboratory health systems in resource-poor settings. , 2009, American journal of clinical pathology.

[26]  N. Ford,et al.  Apocalypse or redemption: responding to extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2009, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[27]  P. Small,et al.  Scratching the surface of ignorance on MDR tuberculosis , 2009, The Lancet.

[28]  K. Kam,et al.  Epidemiology of antituberculosis drug resistance 2002–07: an updated analysis of the Global Project on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance , 2009, The Lancet.

[29]  M. Joloba,et al.  Direct susceptibility testing for multi drug resistant tuberculosis: A meta-analysis , 2009, BMC infectious diseases.

[30]  Alimuddin Zumla,et al.  Tuberculosis -A comprehensive Clinical reference , 2009 .

[31]  A. Spanevello,et al.  Epidemiology and clinical management of XDR-TB: a systematic review by TBNET , 2009, European Respiratory Journal.

[32]  C. Horsburgh,et al.  Multidrug Resistant and Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among South African Health Care Workers. , 2009, Asian Test Symposium.

[33]  G. Sotgiu,et al.  A retrospective TBNET assessment of linezolid safety, tolerability and efficacy in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis , 2009, European Respiratory Journal.

[34]  Evan W. Orenstein,et al.  Treatment outcomes among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2009, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[35]  A. R. Escombe,et al.  Upper-Room Ultraviolet Light and Negative Air Ionization to Prevent Tuberculosis Transmission , 2009, PLoS medicine.

[36]  Alimuddin Zumla,et al.  Biomarkers for tuberculosis disease activity, cure, and relapse. , 2009, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[37]  J. Blanchard,et al.  Meropenem-Clavulanate Is Effective Against Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis , 2009, Science.

[38]  Q. Gao,et al.  Transmission of MDR and XDR Tuberculosis in Shanghai, China , 2009, PloS one.

[39]  D. Havlir,et al.  Management of HIV-infected patients with MDR- and XDR-TB in resource-limited settings. , 2008, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[40]  D. Moore,et al.  Tuberculosis in the developing world: recent advances in diagnosis with special consideration of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis , 2008, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

[41]  L. Saiman,et al.  Management of Pediatric Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infections in New York City From 1995 to 2003 , 2008, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

[42]  R. Chaisson,et al.  Impact of enhanced tuberculosis diagnosis in South Africa: A mathematical model of expanded culture and drug susceptibility testing , 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[43]  Sharon S. Choi,et al.  Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2008, The New England journal of medicine.

[44]  N. Ford,et al.  Substandard medicines in resource‐poor settings: a problem that can no longer be ignored , 2008, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

[45]  D. Havlir,et al.  Opportunities and challenges for HIV care in overlapping HIV and TB epidemics. , 2008, JAMA.

[46]  P. Nunn,et al.  Drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in Ukraine: a threatening convergence of two epidemics? , 2008, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[47]  T. Cohen,et al.  Challenges in estimating the total burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2008, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[48]  Judith Legrand,et al.  Modeling the Impact of Tuberculosis Control Strategies in Highly Endemic Overcrowded Prisons , 2008, PloS one.

[49]  S. Bihari,et al.  A randomised controlled trial of high-dose isoniazid adjuvant therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2008, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[50]  A. W. Sturm,et al.  Evolution of the extensively drug-resistant F15/LAM4/KZN strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. , 2007, Clinical Infectious Diseases.

[51]  C. Bateman.  XDR TB--humane confinement 'a priority'. , 2007, South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde.

[52]  K. Castro,et al.  Randomized Trials to Optimize Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis , 2007, PLoS medicine.

[53]  M. Ernst,et al.  Do fluoroquinolones commonly cause arthropathy in children? , 2007, CJEM.

[54]  S. Basu,et al.  Prevention of nosocomial transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in rural South African district hospitals: an epidemiological modelling study , 2007, The Lancet.

[55]  W. El-Sadr,et al.  Tuberculosis and HIV-Needed: A New Paradigm for the Control and Management of Linked Epidemics. , 2007, Journal of the International AIDS Society.

[56]  T. Holtz,et al.  HIV infection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: the perfect storm. , 2007, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[57]  A. Story,et al.  Tuberculosis in London: the importance of homelessness, problem drug use and prison , 2007, Thorax.

[58]  S. Niemann,et al.  Risk of acquired drug resistance during short-course directly observed treatment of tuberculosis in an area with high levels of drug resistance. , 2007, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[59]  G. Migliori,et al.  First tuberculosis cases in Italy resistant to all tested drugs. , 2007, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[60]  A. R. Escombe,et al.  The detection of airborne transmission of tuberculosis from HIV-infected patients, using an in vivo air sampling model. , 2007, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[61]  A. Gori,et al.  Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis, Italy and Germany , 2007, Emerging infectious diseases.

[62]  G. Bai,et al.  Worldwide Emergence of Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis , 2007, Emerging infectious diseases.

[63]  P. V. van Helden,et al.  Spread of an emerging Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistant strain in the western Cape of South Africa. , 2007, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[64]  A. R. Escombe,et al.  Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion , 2007, PLoS medicine.

[65]  Ross Upshur,et al.  XDR-TB in South Africa: No Time for Denial or Complacency , 2007, PLoS medicine.

[66]  Madhukar Pai,et al.  Tuberculosis among Health-Care Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review , 2006, PLoS medicine.

[67]  Neel R Gandhi,et al.  Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa , 2006, The Lancet.

[68]  M. Raviglione.  XDR-TB: entering the post-antibiotic era? , 2006, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[69]  Guilbert Jj.  The World Health Report 2006: working together for health. , 2006 .

[70]  J. Mukherjee,et al.  Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Management in Resource-limited Settings , 2006, Emerging infectious diseases.

[71]  D. van Soolingen,et al.  Public health impact of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with a mutation at amino-acid position 315 of katG: a decade of experience in The Netherlands. , 2006, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

[72]  Caminero Ja,et al.  Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: evidence and controversies. , 2006, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[73]  Sonya S. Shin,et al.  Community-Based Therapy for Children With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis , 2006, Pediatrics.

[74]  T. Holtz,et al.  Time to Sputum Culture Conversion in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Predictors and Relationship to Treatment Outcome , 2006, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[75]  R. Gie,et al.  The bacteriologic yield in children with intrathoracic tuberculosis. , 2006, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[76]  M. Perkins,et al.  Progress towards improved tuberculosis diagnostics for developing countries , 2006, The Lancet.

[77]  M. Uplekar,et al.  WHO's new Stop TB Strategy , 2006, The Lancet.

[78]  William Rodriguez,et al.  Priorities in tuberculosis research , 2006, The Lancet.

[79]  M. Raviglione.  The Global Plan to Stop TB, 2006-2015. , 2006, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[80]  A. Vernon,et al.  Evaluation of the drug interaction between rifabutin and efavirenz in patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis. , 2005, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[81]  P. V. van Helden,et al.  Reinfection and mixed infection cause changing Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistance patterns. , 2005, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[82]  M. Notha,et al.  Antituberculosis drug resistance and anonymous HIV surveillance in tuberculosis patients in Botswana, 2002 , 2005, The Lancet.

[83]  J. Kimpen,et al.  Clinical features and outcome in children admitted to a TB hospital in the Western Cape--the influence of HIV infection and drug resistance. , 2005, South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde.

[84]  E. D. De Capitani,et al.  Patterns of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among HIV-infected patients in Maputo, Mozambique, 2002-2003. , 2005, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[85]  D. Caugant,et al.  Impact of drug resistance on fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the W-Beijing genotype. , 2004, FEMS immunology and medical microbiology.

[86]  Paul Farmer,et al.  Community-based treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru: 7 years of experience. , 2004, Social science & medicine.

[87]  T. Chou,et al.  Modeling the emergence of the 'hot zones': tuberculosis and the amplification dynamics of drug resistance , 2004, Nature Medicine.

[88]  G. Kaplan,et al.  Genetic polymorphism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients with chronic multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2004, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[89]  D. Andersson,et al.  Effect of rpoB Mutations Conferring Rifampin Resistance on Fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , 2004, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[90]  Paul Farmer,et al.  For Personal Use. Only Reproduce with Permission from the Lancet. Programmes and Principles in Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis , 2022 .

[91]  J. Bayona,et al.  Contact investigations as a means of detection and timely treatment of persons with infectious multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2003, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[92]  P. Donald,et al.  Culture confirmed multidrug resistant tuberculosis: diagnostic delay, clinical features, and outcome , 2003, Archives of disease in childhood.

[93]  G. Kaplan,et al.  Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth at theCavity Surface: a Microenvironment with FailedImmunity , 2003, Infection and Immunity.

[94]  D. Shingadia,et al.  Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in children. , 2003, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[95]  Donna Neuberg,et al.  Community-based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[96]  C. Locht,et al.  Linkage disequilibrium between minisatellite loci supports clonal evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a high tuberculosis incidence area , 2003, Molecular microbiology.

[97]  M. H. Vargas,et al.  Results of a 12-month regimen for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. , 2002, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[98]  M. Espinal,et al.  Increasing transparency in partnerships for health – introducing the Green Light Committee , 2002, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

[99]  Mohammad Mustafizur Rahman,et al.  Quality assurance programme for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the WHO/IUATLD Supranational Reference Laboratory Network: five rounds of proficiency testing, 1994-1998. , 2002, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[100]  C. Dye,et al.  Feasibility and cost-effectiveness of standardised second-line drug treatment for chronic tuberculosis patients: a national cohort study in Peru , 2002, The Lancet.

[101]  R. Gie,et al.  Pulmonary Tuberculosis : A 30-Month Follow-up Evaluation of Young Children in Contact With Adult Multidrug-Resistant , 2002 .

[102]  Brian G. Williams,et al.  Erasing the World's Slow Stain: Strategies to Beat Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis , 2002, Science.

[103]  T. Kenyon,et al.  Substandard tuberculosis drugs on the global market and their simple detection. , 2001, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[104]  V. Diwan,et al.  Private pharmacies and tuberculosis control: a survey of case detection skills and reported anti-tuberculosis drug dispensing in private pharmacies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. , 2000, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[105]  P. Small,et al.  Clinical consequences and transmissibility of drug-resistant tuberculosis in southern Mexico. , 2000, Archives of internal medicine.

[106]  C. Leung,et al.  Outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treated with ofloxacin/levofloxacin-containing regimens. , 2000, Chest.

[107]  M. Uplekar,et al.  Tuberculosis patients and practitioners in private clinics in India. , 1998, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[108]  J. Leonard,et al.  The effect of multiple doses of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of rifabutin * , 1998, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[109]  V. Ritacco,et al.  Nosocomial spread of human immunodeficiency virus-related multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Buenos Aires. , 1997, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[110]  A. Rachlis,et al.  Reduced Plasma Concentrations of Antituberculosis Drugs in Patients with HIV Infection , 1997, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[111]  R. Reves,et al.  Short-term incarceration for the management of noncompliance with tuberculosis treatment. , 1997, Chest.

[112]  J. T. Crawford,et al.  A multi-institutional outbreak of highly drug-resistant tuberculosis: epidemiology and clinical outcomes. , 1996, JAMA.

[113]  J. Rullán,et al.  Nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Spain. , 1996, Emerging infectious diseases.

[114]  W. Rom,et al.  Multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis in children: Two cases and a review of the literature , 1996, Pediatric pulmonology.

[115]  T. Frieden,et al.  Tuberculosis in New York City--turning the tide. , 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

[116]  D Alland,et al.  Transmission of tuberculosis in New York City. An analysis by DNA fingerprinting and conventional epidemiologic methods. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[117]  G. Schoolnik,et al.  The epidemiology of tuberculosis in San Francisco. A population-based study using conventional and molecular methods. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[118]  T. Frieden,et al.  The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in New York City. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[119]  R. O'brien,et al.  USPHS Tuberculosis Short-Course Chemotherapy Trial 21: effectiveness, toxicity, and acceptability. The report of final results. , 1990, Annals of internal medicine.

[120]  E. Nardell,et al.  Clearing the air. The theory and application of ultraviolet air disinfection. , 1989, The American review of respiratory disease.

[121]  S. Vermund,et al.  A prospective study of the risk of tuberculosis among intravenous drug users with human immunodeficiency virus infection. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.

[122]  H. David,et al.  Probability distribution of drug-resistant mutants in unselected populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. , 1970, Applied microbiology.

[123]  R. Riley,et al.  Aerial dissemination of pulmonary tuberculosis. A two-year study of contagion in a tuberculosis ward. 1959. , 1959, American journal of epidemiology.

[124]  J. Andrews,et al.  HIV coinfection in multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis results in high early mortality. , 2010, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[125]  Christopher Dye,et al.  Doomsday postponed? Preventing and reversing epidemics of drug-resistant tuberculosis , 2009, Nature Reviews Microbiology.

[126]  P. Farmer,et al.  The Cambridge Declaration: towards clinical trials for drug-resistant tuberculosis. , 2009, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[127]  S. Gagneux.  Fitness cost of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. , 2009, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

[128]  M. Pitesky,et al.  Clearing the Air: Livestock's Contribution to Climate Change , 2009 .

[129]  T. Victor,et al.  Genotypic diversity of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in South Africa. , 2008, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

[130]  M. Aziz,et al.  GUIDELINES FOR SURVEILLANCE OF DRUG RESISTANCE IN TUBERCULOSIS , 2003 .

[131]  B. Blomberg,et al.  The rationale for recommending fixed-dose combination tablets for treatment of tuberculosis. , 2001, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

[132]  Lung Disease,et al.  Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world : the WHO/IUATLD Global Project on Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance , 1997 .

[133]  N. Schluger,et al.  Underreported Threat of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Africa , 2008, Emerging infectious diseases.