Detecting a known near-surface target through application of frequency-dependent traveltime tomography and full-waveform inversion to P- and SH-wave seismic refraction data

ABSTRACTWe have applied a combined workflow of frequency-dependent traveltime tomography (FDTT) and full-waveform inversion (FWI) to 2D near-surface P- and SH-wave seismic data to detect a known target consisting of a buried tunnel with concrete walls and a void space inside. FDTT inverted the P- and SH-wave picked traveltimes at 250 Hz to provide long-wavelength background velocity models as the starting models for FWI. FWI inverted 18–54 Hz P-wave data and 16–50 Hz SH-wave data to produce velocity models with subwavelength- and wavelength-scale features allowing for direct interpretation of the velocity models as is usually carried out in conventional imaging using seismic reflection data. The P- and SH-wave models image the top part of the tunnel at the correct location at a depth of 1.6 m as a high-velocity anomaly. The P-wave models also image the air in the void space of the tunnel as a low-velocity anomaly. The inverted models were assessed by synthetic tests, the consistency of the inverted source...

[1]  Imaging permafrost velocity structure using high resolution 3D seismic tomography , 2011 .

[2]  V. Graizer.  The Response to Complex Ground Motions of Seismometers with Galperin Sensor Configuration , 2009 .

[3]  P. Morse,et al.  Methods of theoretical physics , 1955 .

[4]  Gerard T. Schuster,et al.  Wavepath eikonal traveltime inversion: Theory , 1993 .

[5]  K. Marfurt.  Accuracy of finite-difference and finite-element modeling of the scalar and elastic wave equations , 1984 .

[6]  John H. Bradford,et al.  The emergence and future of near-surface geophysics , 2012 .

[7]  Hicks,et al.  Gauss–Newton and full Newton methods in frequency–space seismic waveform inversion , 1998 .

[8]  Changsoo Shin,et al.  Refraction traveltime tomography using damped monochromatic wavefield , 2005 .

[9]  G. H. F. Gardner,et al.  FORMATION VELOCITY AND DENSITY—THE DIAGNOSTIC BASICS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC TRAPS , 1974 .

[10]  R. Gerhard Pratt,et al.  Efficient waveform inversion and imaging: A strategy for selecting temporal frequencies , 2004 .

[11]  R. G. Pratt,et al.  Full waveform tomography for lithospheric imaging: results from a blind test in a realistic crustal model , 2007 .

[12]  A. Malehmir,et al.  High-resolution near-surface velocity model building using full-waveform inversion-a case study from southwest Sweden , 2014 .

[13]  Geological Structure Investigation of Shallow Layers by the Explosion Seismic Survey Tomographic Technique , 2010 .

[14]  Jean Virieux,et al.  Building starting models for full waveform inversion from wide‐aperture data by stereotomography , 2013 .

[15]  P. Jaiswal,et al.  Seismic imaging of the Naga thrust using multiscale waveform inversion , 2009 .

[16]  M. Toksöz,et al.  Diffraction tomography and multisource holography applied to seismic imaging , 1987 .

[17]  Jean Virieux,et al.  An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration geophysics , 2009 .

[18]  Marta Woodward,et al.  Wave-equation tomography , 1992 .

[19]  Gerard T. Schuster,et al.  Wave-equation traveltime inversion , 1991 .

[20]  Robert B. Smith,et al.  Seismic traveltime inversion for 2-D crustal velocity structure , 1992 .

[21]  R. Pratt.  Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain; Part 1, Theory and verification in a physical scale model , 1999 .

[22]  Detecting near-surface objects with seismic waveform tomography , 2009 .

[23]  J. Vidale.  Finite-difference calculation of travel times , 1988 .

[24]  R. Parker,et al.  Occam's inversion; a practical algorithm for generating smooth models from electromagnetic sounding data , 1987 .

[25]  C. Zelt,et al.  Application of Frequency-dependent Traveltime Tomography and Full Waveform Inversion to Realistic Near-surface Seismic Refraction Data , 2016 .

[26]  Jungkyun Shin,et al.  Laplace-Fourier-domain elastic full-waveform inversion using time-domain modeling , 2014 .

[28]  Colin A. Zelt,et al.  Modelling strategies and model assessment for wide-angle seismic traveltime data , 1999 .

[29]  Colin A. Zelt,et al.  2-D traveltime and waveform inversion for improved seismic imaging: Naga Thrust and Fold Belt, India , 2008 .

[30]  R. Pratt,et al.  Misfit functionals in Laplace‐Fourier domain waveform inversion, with application to wide‐angle ocean bottom seismograph data , 2014 .

[31]  Fuchun Gao,et al.  Waveform tomography at a groundwater contamination site: Surface reflection data , 2007 .

[32]  R. Bachrach,et al.  3D ultra shallow seismic imaging of buried pipe using dense receiver array: Practical and theoretical considerations , 2010 .

[33]  S. Operto,et al.  Which data residual norm for robust elastic frequency-domain full waveform inversion? , 2010 .

[34]  V. M. Malhotra,et al.  CRC Handbook on Nondestructive Testing of Concrete , 1990 .

[35]  M. Stiller,et al.  P-wave traveltime tomography for a seismic characterization of black shales at shallow depth on Bornholm, Denmark , 2012 .

[36]  C. Zelt,et al.  Frequency-dependent traveltime tomography for near-surface seismic refraction data , 2016 .

[37]  John A. Hole,et al.  3-D finite-difference reflection travel times , 1995 .

[38]  Don W. Steeples,et al.  Engineering and environmental geophysics at the millennium , 2001 .

[39]  Fuchun Gao,et al.  Waveform tomography at a groundwater contamination site: VSP-surface data set , 2006 .

[40]  G. Chambers.  Seismic waveform tomography with multicomponent data at a groundwater contamination site , 2009 .

[41]  Colin A. Zelt,et al.  Three‐dimensional seismic refraction tomography: A comparison of two methods applied to data from the Faeroe Basin , 1998 .

[42]  Antoine Guitton,et al.  Constrained full-waveform inversion by model reparameterization1 , 2012 .

[43]  C. Bunks,et al.  Multiscale seismic waveform inversion , 1995 .