Analysis of optically anisotropic properties of biological tissues under stretching based on differential Mueller matrix formalism

Abstract. The optical properties of biological tissues under stretching are investigated using a full-field ellipsometry technique based on a differential Mueller matrix formalism. Traditional photoelastic-based formalism for extracting the linear birefringence (LB) properties of stretched anisotropic optical samples ignores the effects of the other optical properties of the sample. By contrast, in the formalism proposed in this study, the LB, linear dichroism (LD), circular birefringence (CB), circular dichroism (CD), and depolarization (Dep) properties are fully decoupled. Simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of the two formalisms in extracting the LB properties of optically anisotropic samples with different degrees of Dep, CB, LD, and CD. The practical feasibility of the proposed all-parameter decoupled formalism is then demonstrated using chicken breast muscle tissue. In general, the results show that both formalisms provide a reliable LB measurement performance for healthy chicken breast tissue under stretching. However, while the LB-only formalism has good robustness toward scattering, its measurement performance is seriously degraded for samples with high CB. Thus, of the two formalisms, the proposed all-parameter decoupled formalism provides a more effective approach for examining the anisotropic properties of biological tissues under stretching.

[1]  Yu-Lung Lo,et al.  Extraction of anisotropic parameters of turbid media using hybrid model comprising differential- and decomposition-based Mueller matrices. , 2013, Optics express.

[2]  L V Wang,et al.  Measurement and calculation of the two-dimensional backscattering Mueller matrix of a turbid medium. , 1998, Optics letters.

[3]  W. Hines,et al.  PREDICTING MEAT TENDERNESS FROM MUSCLE TENSILE PROPERTIES , 1972 .

[4]  Jose M Sasian,et al.  Depolarization of diffusely reflecting man-made objects. , 2005, Applied optics.

[5]  Nan Zeng,et al.  Rotating linear polarization imaging technique for anisotropic tissues. , 2010, Journal of biomedical optics.

[6]  Nirmalya Ghosh,et al.  Polarimetry in turbid, birefringent, optically active media: A Monte Carlo study of Mueller matrix decomposition in the backscattering geometry , 2009 .

[7]  Margaret A. Brandt,et al.  Development of standard rating scales for mechanical parameters of texture and correlation between the objective and the sensory methods of texture evaluation , 1963 .

[8]  R. Chipman.  Depolarization index and the average degree of polarization. , 2005, Applied optics.

[9]  Nan Zeng,et al.  Characterization of muscle stretching and damage using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) , 2012, Photonics Asia.

[10]  Edward Collett,et al.  Measuring the Stokes polarization parameters , 2007 .

[11]  L. Csóka,et al.  Polarization optical-histochemical characterization and supramolecular structure of carbohydrate fibrils. , 2013, Acta histochemica.

[12]  Razvigor Ossikovski,et al.  Differential matrix formalism for depolarizing anisotropic media. , 2011, Optics letters.

[13]  Y. Lo,et al.  Surface plasmon resonance prism coupler for enhanced circular dichroism sensing. , 2016, Optics express.

[14]  C. Cooper,et al.  Type 2 diabetes, muscle strength, and impaired physical function: the tip of the iceberg? , 2005, Diabetes care.

[15]  W. F. Riley,et al.  Experimental stress analysis , 1978 .

[16]  Yu-Lung Lo,et al.  Extraction of effective parameters of anisotropic optical materials using a decoupled analytical method. , 2012, Journal of biomedical optics.

[17]  Nirmalya Ghosh,et al.  Polarization birefringence measurements for characterizing the myocardium, including healthy, infarcted, and stem-cell-regenerated tissues. , 2010, Journal of biomedical optics.

[18]  A. Newman,et al.  Decreased Muscle Strength and Quality in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes , 2006, Diabetes.

[19]  Alex S. Redner,et al.  Photoelastic coatings , 1980 .

[20]  Takao Yamamoto,et al.  An analysis of anisotropic gel forming process of chitosan , 2011 .

[21]  A. Welch,et al.  A review of the optical properties of biological tissues , 1990 .

[22]  Rasheed M. A. Azzam,et al.  Propagation of partially polarized light through anisotropic media with or without depolarization: A differential 4 × 4 matrix calculus , 1978 .