Quantitative analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis loads in ducklings after nasal inoculation.

The distribution patterns of Salmonella Enteritidis in systemic organs, which have not been described previously, should be studied to better understand its pathogenesis in vivo. We inoculated the ducklings with Salmonella Enteritidis via the nasal route and performed a real-time PCR assay for determining the concentration of Salmonella Enteritidis DNA and studied the histopathology of various tissues postinoculation. The results show that the Salmonella Enteritidis load in systemic organs has a close correlation with the progression of disease. Further, rapid dissemination and active replication of Salmonella Enteritidis in multiple systemic organs accelerated the progression of disease.

[1]  A. Cheng,et al.  Replication kinetics of Salmonella enteritidis in internal organs of ducklings after oral challenge: a quantitative time-course study using real-time PCR , 2009, Veterinary Research Communications.

[2]  P. Cao,et al.  Serovar-Specific Real-Time Quantitative Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Ducks After Oral Challenge , 2008, Avian diseases.

[3]  P. Cao,et al.  Gastrointestinal tract distribution of Salmonella enteritidis in orally infected mice with a species-specific fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. , 2007, World journal of gastroenterology.

[4]  U. Babu,et al.  Differential responses of macrophages to Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium. , 2005, Veterinary immunology and immunopathology.

[5]  B. Mitchell,et al.  Evaluation of culture media for detecting airborne Salmonella enteritidis collected with an electrostatic sampling device from the environment of experimentally infected laying hens. , 2004, Poultry science.

[6]  F. Haesebrouck,et al.  Effect of type 1 fimbriae of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis on bacteraemia and reproductive tract infection in laying hens , 2004, Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A.

[7]  F. Haesebrouck,et al.  Tubular glands of the isthmus are the predominant colonization site of Salmonella enteritidis in the upper oviduct of laying hens. , 2004, Poultry science.

[8]  R. Davies,et al.  Observations on Salmonella contamination of commercial laying farms before and after cleaning and disinfection , 2003, Veterinary Record.

[9]  S. Kaufmann,et al.  Characterization of the Murine T-Lymphocyte Response to Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection , 2002, Infection and Immunity.

[10]  M. Okamura,et al.  Differences in abilities to colonize reproductive organs and to contaminate eggs in intravaginally inoculated hens and in vitro adherences to vaginal explants between Salmonella enteritidis and other Salmonella serovars. , 2001, Avian diseases.

[11]  Xiao-lian Zhang,et al.  Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Uses Type IVB Pili To Enter Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells , 2000, Infection and Immunity.

[12]  J. Turek,et al.  In vitro attachment and invasion of chicken ovarian granulosa cells by Salmonella enteritidis phage type 8 , 1996, Infection and immunity.

[13]  F. Collins,et al.  Growth of Typhoid and Paratyphoid Bacilli in Intravenously Infected Mice , 1974, Infection and immunity.

[14]  B. Mitchell,et al.  Detection of Airborne Salmonella enteritidis in the Environment of Experimentally Infected Laying Hens by an Electrostatic Sampling Device , 2004, Avian diseases.

[15]  B. Mitchell,et al.  Airborne horizontal transmission of Salmonella enteritidis in molted laying chickens. , 1998, Avian diseases.