Enabling Angle-based Positioning to 3GPP NR Systems

Angle-based positioning has been agreed by 3GPP to be one of NR positioning techniques, and is now in standardization in 3GPP Release 16. In this paper, the key techniques for angle-based positioning are addressed including the localization algorithm and angle estimation algorithms. Uplink angle-of-arrival (UL-AOA) and downlink angle-of-departure (DL-AOD) techniques for both FR1 (sub-6GHz) and FR2 (above-6GHz) bands are presented along with their impacts on the existing NR standards. Simulation results show that both UL-AOA and DL-AOD can reach meter level accuracy in indoor scenarios, and hence can well meet the positioning requirements of the commercial cases defined in 3GPP NR. Compared to traditional timing-based positioning, the angle-based positioning is robust to the synchronization error, which makes it competitive for NR positioning.

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