Perceptual learning of bisection stimuli under roving: slow and largely specific.

In perceptual learning, performance often improves within a short time if only one stimulus variant is presented, such as a line bisection stimulus with one outer-line-distance. However, performance stagnates if two bisection stimuli with two outer-line-distances are presented randomly interleaved. Recently, S. G. Kuai, J. Y. Zhang, S. A. Klein, D. M. Levi, and C. Yu, (2005) proposed that learning under roving conditions is impossible in general. Contrary to this proposition, we show here that perceptual learning with bisection stimuli under roving is possible with extensive training of 18000 trials. Despite this extensive training, the improvement of performance is still largely specific. Furthermore, this improvement of performance cannot be explained by an accommodation to stimulus uncertainty caused by roving.

[1]  D Sagi,et al.  Where practice makes perfect in texture discrimination: evidence for primary visual cortex plasticity. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[2]  Michael H. Herzog,et al.  Modeling perceptual learning: difficulties and how they can be overcome , 1998, Biological Cybernetics.

[3]  Misha Tsodyks,et al.  Context-enabled learning in the human visual system , 2002, Nature.

[4]  G. Orban,et al.  The effect of practice on the oblique effect in line orientation judgments , 1985, Vision Research.

[5]  T Poggio,et al.  Fast perceptual learning in visual hyperacuity. , 1991, Science.

[6]  Dov Sagi,et al.  A link between perceptual learning, adaptation and sleep , 2006, Vision Research.

[7]  D. Scott Perceptual learning. , 1974, Queen's nursing journal.

[8]  Thomas U. Otto,et al.  Perceptual learning with spatial uncertainties , 2006, Vision Research.

[9]  S. Hochstein,et al.  Task difficulty and the specificity of perceptual learning , 1997, Nature.

[10]  C. Gilbert,et al.  Learning to see: experience and attention in primary visual cortex , 2001, Nature Neuroscience.

[11]  M. Fahle,et al.  No transfer of perceptual learning between similar stimuli in the same retinal position , 1996, Current Biology.

[12]  Takeo Watanabe,et al.  Perceptual learning without perception , 2001, Nature.

[13]  M. Bach,et al.  The Freiburg Visual Acuity test--automatic measurement of visual acuity. , 1996, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[14]  Aaron R. Seitz,et al.  Task-specific disruption of perceptual learning. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  O Braddick,et al.  Orientation-Specific Learning in Stereopsis , 1973, Perception.

[16]  S. McKee,et al.  Improvement in vernier acuity with practice , 1978, Perception & psychophysics.

[17]  N. Durlach,et al.  Intensity perception. IV. Resolution in roving-level discrimination. , 1973, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[18]  M. Fahle Perceptual learning: specificity versus generalization , 2005, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[19]  Learning to tell apples from oranges , 2005, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[20]  A. Fiorentini,et al.  Perceptual learning specific for orientation and spatial frequency , 1980, Nature.

[21]  M. M. Taylor,et al.  PEST: Efficient Estimates on Probability Functions , 1967 .

[22]  Ruxandra Sireteanu,et al.  Perceptual learning in visual search: Fast, enduring, but non-specific , 1995, Vision Research.

[23]  C. Gilbert,et al.  Perceptual learning of spatial localization: specificity for orientation, position, and context. , 1997, Journal of neurophysiology.

[24]  Misha Tsodyks,et al.  Perceptual learning in contrast discrimination: the effect of contrast uncertainty. , 2004, Journal of vision.

[25]  G A Orban,et al.  Interocular transfer in perceptual learning of a pop-out discrimination task. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[26]  A. Karni,et al.  Dependence on REM sleep of overnight improvement of a perceptual skill. , 1994, Science.

[27]  Cong Yu,et al.  Perceptual learning in contrast discrimination and the (minimal) role of context. , 2004, Journal of vision.

[28]  L. Vaina,et al.  Learning to ignore: psychophysics and computational modeling of fast learning of direction in noisy motion stimuli. , 1995, Brain research. Cognitive brain research.

[29]  Dennis M Levi,et al.  The essential role of stimulus temporal patterning in enabling perceptual learning , 2005, Nature Neuroscience.

[30]  Barbara Anne Dosher,et al.  Level and mechanisms of perceptual learning: Learning first-order luminance and second-order texture objects , 2006, Vision Research.