Thermal degradation of various lignins by TG-MS/FTIR and Py-GC-MS

Abstract Thermal degradation was comparatively studied by TG-MS/FTIR and Py-GC-MS for four lignins of different raw materials and manufacturing processes. Acid hydrolysis by the Klason method was applied to wheat straw and oak, organosolv process based on acetic acid/phosphinic acid cooking to white birch and kraft cooking to Scandinavian mixed softwood, followed by the Lignoboost® process to recover lignin from the black liquor. The temperature domains of degradation were determined and indications on the main compounds produced during each stage were obtained. The composition of pyrolysis oils was determined. Similarities and differences in thermal behaviour and composition of degradation products among studied lignins were observed and discussed. Klason wheat straw and Lignoboost® softwood lignins showed a similar thermal behaviour but different composition of pyrolysis oils while the lignin obtained by acid hydrolysis from oak (Klason quercus) and Organosolv birch had similar composition of pyrolysis oils.

[1]  D. Fengel,et al.  Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions , 1983 .

[2]  Erich Adler,et al.  Lignin chemistry—past, present and future , 1977, Wood Science and Technology.

[3]  Anthony V. Bridgwater,et al.  A systematic study of the kinetics of lignin pyrolysis , 2010 .

[4]  Colin E. Snape,et al.  Application of catalytic hydropyrolysis for the rapid preparation of lignin concentrates from wood , 2004 .

[5]  Shubin Wu,et al.  Analysis of wheat straw lignin by thermogravimetry and pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry , 2010 .

[6]  E. Jong,et al.  Co-ordination network for lignin—standardisation, production and applications adapted to market requirements (EUROLIGNIN) , 2004 .

[7]  E. Peterli,et al.  Thermal degradation of polypropylene , 1962 .

[8]  M. Brebu,et al.  Co-pyrolysis of LignoBoost® lignin with synthetic polymers , 2012 .

[9]  M. Brebu,et al.  THERMAL DEGRADATION OF LIGNIN - A REVIEW , 2010 .

[10]  André Faaij,et al.  Modern Biomass Conversion Technologies , 2006 .

[11]  M.J.A. van den Oever,et al.  Process for production of high density/high performance binderless boards from whole coconut husk: Part 1: Lignin as intrinsic thermosetting binder resin , 2004 .

[12]  Taro Sonobe,et al.  Kinetic analyses of biomass pyrolysis using the distributed activation energy model , 2008 .

[13]  A. Bridgwater,et al.  Sequential pyrolysis of willow SRC at low and high heating rates – Implications for selective pyrolysis , 2012 .

[14]  A. V. Bridgewater,et al.  Biomass fast pyrolysis , 2004 .

[15]  Wolfgang G. Glasser,et al.  Recent Industrial Applications of Lignin: A Sustainable Alternative to Nonrenewable Materials , 2002 .

[16]  R D Rogers,et al.  Investigation of aqueous biphasic systems for the separation of lignins from cellulose in the paper pulping process. , 2000, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[17]  Tiziano Faravelli,et al.  Detailed kinetic modeling of the thermal degradation of lignins , 2010 .

[18]  K. Cen,et al.  Mechanism study of wood lignin pyrolysis by using TG–FTIR analysis , 2008 .

[19]  Colomba Di Blasi,et al.  Modeling chemical and physical processes of wood and biomass pyrolysis , 2008 .

[20]  Torsten Fransson,et al.  Comparison of the pyrolysis behavior of lignins from different tree species. , 2009, Biotechnology advances.

[21]  I. Pearl.  The chemistry of lignin , 1967 .

[22]  Giuseppe Mazza,et al.  Lignin in straw of herbaceous crops , 2008 .

[23]  E. Jakab,et al.  Study on low mass thermal degradation products of milled wood lignins by thermogravimetry-mass-spectrometry , 1988, Wood Science and Technology.

[24]  Anja Oasmaa,et al.  State-of-the-Art of Fast Pyrolysis in IEA Bioenergy Member Countries , 2013 .

[25]  Claudio F. Lima,et al.  Determination of Eucalyptus spp lignin S/G ratio: a comparison between methods. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[26]  Anthony V. Bridgwater,et al.  A comparative study of straw, perennial grasses and hardwoods in terms of fast pyrolysis products , 2013 .

[27]  Grigore Ghica,et al.  PYROLYSIS OF LIGNIN - A POTENTIAL METHOD FOR OBTAINING CHEMICALS AND/OR FUELS , 2011 .

[28]  S. Saka,et al.  Gas- and solid/liquid-phase reactions during pyrolysis of softwood and hardwood lignins , 2011 .

[29]  Oskar Faix,et al.  Thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry study of six lignins within the scope of an international round robin test , 1995 .

[30]  K. Eriksson,et al.  Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry , 1990, Wood Science and Technology.

[31]  M. Brebu,et al.  Thermal degradation of keratin waste , 2011 .

[32]  A. Bridgwater,et al.  Impact of Miscanthus x giganteus senescence times on fast pyrolysis bio-oil quality. , 2013, Bioresource technology.

[33]  S. Gu,et al.  The pyrolytic degradation of wood-derived lignin from pulping process. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[34]  D. Vamvuka,et al.  Bio‐oil, solid and gaseous biofuels from biomass pyrolysis processes—An overview , 2011 .

[35]  A. Bridgwater.  Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading , 2012 .

[36]  S. Yaman.  Pyrolysis of biomass to produce fuels and chemical feedstocks , 2004 .

[37]  E. Jakab,et al.  Thermal decomposition of milled wood lignins studied by thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry , 1997 .

[38]  W. Huijgen,et al.  Pyrolysis of wheat straw-derived organosolv lignin. , 2012 .