Grid-independent cooperative microgrid networks with high renewable penetration

Microgrids (MG) with renewable energy resources have shown competitive operational advantages for smart grid integration. In the wake of events such as the July 2012 India blackout, recent interest has been directed to the deployment of MGs in grid-independent (islanded) settings. In this paper we develop an autonomous distributed framework for cooperation amongst a set of grid-independent microgrids to improve the overall microgrid network (MGN) reliability. We further develop an enhanced distributed algorithm to support the proposed system. This work adopts a game theoretic approach via coalition formation games (CFG) formulation for static and dynamic MGNs. We consider MGNs with variable renewable distributed energy resources (DER) penetration levels and variable wind generation percentage of the total renewable generation mix. Main results show cooperation gains for cooperative MGN, study the effects of rate policies, and show how the proposed system performs under different renewable DER penetration levels and wind generation percentages.

[1]  Andreas K. Athienitis,et al.  An information driven hybrid evolutionary algorithm for optimal design of a Net Zero Energy House , 2013 .

[2]  N. Jenkins,et al.  Wind Energy Handbook: Burton/Wind Energy Handbook , 2011 .

[3]  Nei Kato,et al.  GT-CFS: A Game Theoretic Coalition Formulation Strategy for Reducing Power Loss in Micro Grids , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.

[4]  Samir Aknine,et al.  A multi-agent method for forming and dynamic restructuring of pareto optimal coalitions , 2002, AAMAS '02.

[5]  Jiang Wu,et al.  Coordinated Multi-Microgrids Optimal Control Algorithm for Smart Distribution Management System , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[6]  J.P. Barton,et al.  Energy storage and its use with intermittent renewable energy , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[7]  Robert Lasseter,et al.  Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[8]  Radu Zmeureanu,et al.  Design Optimization Methodology for a Near Net Zero Energy Demonstration Home , 2010 .

[9]  Andreas Witzel,et al.  A Generic Approach to Coalition Formation , 2007, IGTR.

[10]  Sarvapali D. Ramchurn,et al.  An Anytime Algorithm for Optimal Coalition Structure Generation , 2014, J. Artif. Intell. Res..

[11]  Krzysztof R. Apt,et al.  Stable partitions in coalitional games , 2006, ArXiv.

[12]  Anurag K. Srivastava,et al.  Controls for microgrids with storage: Review, challenges, and research needs , 2010 .

[13]  Walid Saad,et al.  Coalitional Game Theory for Cooperative Micro-Grid Distribution Networks , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC).

[14]  Riccardo Minciardi,et al.  Optimal Control in a Cooperative Network of Smart Power Grids , 2012, IEEE Systems Journal.

[15]  Zhu Han,et al.  Coalitional game theory for communication networks , 2009, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[16]  Djiby-Racine Thiam,et al.  Renewable decentralized in developing countries: Appraisal from microgrids project in Senegal , 2010 .

[17]  Mark Z. Jacobson,et al.  The Potential of Intermittent Renewables to Meet Electric Power Demand: Current Methods and Emerging Analytical Techniques , 2012, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[18]  Robert P. Gilles.  The Cooperative Game Theory of Networks and Hierarchies , 2010 .

[19]  Maria Gini,et al.  Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 3 , 2002, AAMAS 2002.

[20]  Yvonne Neudorf,et al.  The Cooperative Game Theory Of Networks And Hierarchies , 2016 .

[21]  Ervin Bossanyi,et al.  Wind Energy Handbook , 2001 .

[22]  Anastasios I. Dounis,et al.  Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel , 2011 .

[23]  Dushan Boroyevich,et al.  Intergrid: A Future Electronic Energy Network? , 2013, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[24]  Javier Matamoros,et al.  Microgrids energy trading in islanding mode , 2012, 2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm).