Tree-Ring Dating of Historic Buildings in Arkansas

Twenty -four historic log and frame buildings in Arkansas have been dated by dendrochronology. The derived historic chronologies, ranging from A.D. 1598 to 1911, have improved and extended existing modern tree -ring chronologies for the state. Dated species are southern yellow pine (Pinus sp.), white oak (Quercus sp.), eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.), and baldcypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich). Three chronological studies integrating tree -ring, architectural, and documentary evidence offer examples of the relationship between tree -ring dates and historic records and demonstrate significant contributions which dendrochronology can make in the management of historic properties. Historic tree -ring collections should prove important in developing long term tree -ring chronologies in the eastern United States, due to widespread exploitation of living trees, the lower average age for many eastern species, and the availability of high quality tree -ring records in early historic structures. Vingt -quatre constructions en bois et rondins situees dans l'Arkansas ont ete datees dendrochronologiquement. Les chronologies qui en resultent s'etendent de 1598 a 1911. Elles ont permis d'ameliorer et d'allonger les series deja obtenues dans l'Etat. Les especes analysees sont: le "yellow pine" (Pinus sp.), le "white oak" (Quercus sp.); le "red cedar" oriental ( Juniperus virginiana L.) et le cypres chauve (Taxodium distichum L. Rich). Trois etudes chronologiques integrant des arguments dendrochronologiques, architecturaux et ecrits, constituent des exemples des relations qui peuvent exister entre des dendrodatations et des documents historiques. Elles demontrent l'importante contribution que peut apporter la dendrochronologie dans la gestion des proprietes historiques. Etant donne l'importance des exploitations forestieres, l'âge relativement bas de nombreuses especes d'arbres et la possibilite d'obtenir des series den drochronologiques de haute valeur dans des structures historiques anciennes, ces dernieres auront un role important a jouer pour developper de longues chronologies dans l'Est des Etats -Unis. In Arkansas wurden 24 historische Blockund Fachwerkhauser den drochronologisch datiert. Mit den daraus erstellten Jahrringchronologien, die von 1598 bis 1911 reichen, konnten die bestehenden rezenten Chronologien dieses Landes verbessert und verlangert werden. Die Holzarten sind Yellow -Pine, Weiseiche, Bleistiftzeder und Sumpfzypresse. Drei Untersuchungen zu chronologischen Fragen, die dendrochronologische und architektonische Befunde sowie archivalische Zeugnisse auswerteten, zeigen beispielhaft die Beziehungen zwischen dendrochronologischen Daten und historischen Aufzeichnungen und belegen den wichtigen Beitrag, den die Dendrochronologie fur die Behandlung historischer Denkmale zu liefern vermag. Auch beim Aufbau langer Jahrringchronologien fur die ostlichen U.S. wird sich das Sammeln historischen Jahr ringmaterials als wichtig erweisen, insbesondere wegen der weitgehend durchgefuhrten Exploitation lebender Baume, dem niedrigen Durchschnittsalter vieler ostlicher Baumarten und der Notwendigkeit von genauen Jahrringdaten fur die fruhe Geschichte. INTRODUCTION The development of long term tree -ring chronologies in the Midwest and eastern United States has been slowed by a lack of long -lived species and by widespread land clearing and timber exploitation since the 19th century. Fortunately, however, many oldgrowth trees cut from the virgin forests remain as structural timbers in historic buildings (e.g., Figures 1 and 2). These historic log and frame buildings are still fairly

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