Thermal release of nitrogen organics from natural organic matter (NOM) using micro scale sealed vessel (MSSV) pyrolysis

Characterisation of recent organic matter such as aquatic natural organic matter (NOM) can be aided by the artificial maturation provided by closed system, micro scale sealed vessel (MSSV) pyrolysis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the products released via MSSV pyrolysis of several NOM fractions showed complex and varied product distributions that included a range of nitrogen-containing organic products (N organics) such as pyrroles, pyridines, pyrazines, indoles and carbazoles. N organics were found in highest abundance in the products from the transphilic and colloid fractions of NOM. A much larger number and higher abundance of N organics were detected with MSSV pyrolysis than with flash pyrolysis of the same samples. To better understand the sources of N organic products detected with MSSV pyrolysis of NOM, the distinctive N pyrolysate distributions from several likely precursors (i.e. peptide, amino sugar, porphyrin and a cultured bacterium) of dissolved organic nitrogen are reported. A number of qualitative distinctions between these precursors was evident, such as high abundances of C1-3 pyrroles from the amino sugar and C4-5 pyrroles from the porphyrin. The thermal profile of the N organic products from the pentaglycine and porphyrin standards was established by analysing these samples with several different MSSV

[1]  J. Croué,et al.  Thermal release of nitrogen organics from natural organic matter using micro scale sealed vessel pyrolysis , 2007 .

[2]  P. Franzmann,et al.  Bacterial biomarkers thermally released from dissolved organic matter , 2006 .

[3]  M. Hajaligol,et al.  Product compositions from pyrolysis of some aliphatic α-amino acids , 2006 .

[4]  S. Derenne,et al.  Comparative study of two fractions of riverine dissolved organic matter using various analytical pyrolytic methods and a 13C CP/MAS NMR approach , 2005 .

[5]  C. A. Russell,et al.  Hydropyrolysis of algae, bacteria, archaea and lake sediments; insights into the origin of nitrogen compounds in petroleum , 2004 .

[6]  Heike Knicker,et al.  Rearrangement of carbon and nitrogen forms in peat after progressive thermal oxidation as determined by solid-state 13C- and 15N-NMR spectroscopy , 2003 .

[7]  D. Violleau,et al.  Characterization and copper binding of humic and nonhumic organic matter isolated from the South Platte River: evidence for the presence of nitrogenous binding site. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[8]  Paul Westerhoff,et al.  Dissolved organic nitrogen in drinking water supplies: a review , 2002 .

[9]  H. Chung,et al.  Pyrolysis GC-MS analysis of Amadori compounds derived from selected amino acids with glucose and rhamnose , 2002 .

[10]  N. de Kimpe,et al.  Thermal degradation studies of glucose/glycine melanoidins. , 2002, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[11]  L. Barber,et al.  Nature and chlorine reactivity of organic constituents from reclaimed water in groundwater, Los Angeles County, California. , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[12]  R. Trussell,et al.  NDMA Formation in Water and Wastewater , 2001 .

[13]  V. Dieckmann,et al.  Assessing the overlap of primary and secondary reactions by closed- versus open-system pyrolysis of marine kerogens , 2000 .

[14]  V. Basiuk,et al.  Pyrolysis of amino acids: recovery of starting materials and yields of condensation products , 2000 .

[15]  P. Hatcher,et al.  Encapsulation of protein in humic acid from a Histosol as an explanation for the occurrence of organic nitrogen in soil and sediment. , 2000 .

[16]  V. Basiuk,et al.  Pyrolysis of poly-glycine and poly-l-alanine: analysis of less-volatile products by gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy/mass spectrometry , 2000 .

[17]  E. R. Blatchley,et al.  Breakpoint Chemistry and Volatile Byproduct Formation Resulting from Chlorination of Model Organic-N Compounds , 2000 .

[18]  J. Skjemstad,et al.  Nature of organic carbon and nitrogen in physically protected organic matter of some Australian soils as revealed by solid-state 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy , 2000 .

[19]  G. Gleixner,et al.  Analytical pyrolysis of humic substances and dissolved organic matter in aquatic systems: structure and origin , 1999 .

[20]  B. Stankiewicz,et al.  Protein preservation and DNA retrieval from ancient tissues. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[21]  H. Schulten,et al.  The chemistry of soil organic nitrogen: a review , 1997, Biology and Fertility of Soils.

[22]  S. R. Daniel,et al.  Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Content Associated with Colloids and Suspended Particulates from the Mississippi River and Some of Its Tributaries , 1997 .

[23]  Mark Horton,et al.  Volatile Compounds in Archaeological Plant Remains and the Maillard Reaction During Decay of Organic Matter , 1997 .

[24]  P. Hatcher,et al.  Survival of Protein in an Organic-Rich Sediment: Possible Protection by Encapsulation in Organic Matter , 1997, Naturwissenschaften.

[25]  H. Schulten,et al.  Structure of “unknown” soil nitrogen investigated by analytical pyrolysis , 1997, Biology and Fertility of Soils.

[26]  F. González-Vila,et al.  13C and 15N NMR analysis of some fungal melanins in comparison with soil organic matter , 1995 .

[27]  Kent J. Voorhees,et al.  An investigation of the pyrolysis of oligopeptides by Curie-point pyrolysis—tandem mass spectrometry , 1994 .

[28]  S. Derenne,et al.  Occurrence of non-hydrolysable amides in the macromolecular constituent of Scenedesmus quadricauda cell wall as revealed by 15N NMR: Origin of n-alkylnitriles in pyrolysates of ultralaminae-containing kerogens , 1993 .

[29]  B. Horsfield,et al.  Kinetics of petroleum generation by programmed-temperature closed-versus open-system pyrolysis , 1993 .

[30]  Giuseppe Chiavari,et al.  Pyrolysis—gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of amino acids , 1992 .

[31]  S. Yariv,et al.  Chemical, isotopic, spectroscopic and geochemical aspects of natural and synthetic humic substances , 1992 .

[32]  Shuichi Yamamoto,et al.  A study of the formation mechanism of sedimentary humic substances. III. Evidence for the protein-based melanoidin model , 1992 .

[33]  J. Damsté,et al.  Alkylpyrroles in a kerogen pyrolysate: Evidence for abundant tetrapyrrole pigments☆ , 1992 .

[34]  K. Bartle,et al.  The functionality of organic nitrogen in some recent sediments from the Peru upwelling region , 1992 .

[35]  B. Horsfield,et al.  The micro-scale simulation of maturation: outline of a new technique and its potential applications , 1989 .

[36]  J. Ripmeester,et al.  Elucidation of the nitrogen forms in melanoidins and humic acid by nitrogen-15 cross polarization-magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , 1983 .

[37]  A. Sigleo,et al.  Composition of estuarine colloidal material: organic components , 1982 .

[38]  A. Rushdi,et al.  Alkyl amides and nitriles as novel tracers for biomass burning. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[39]  D. Welte,et al.  Kinetics of petroleum generation and cracking by programmed-temperature closed-system pyrolysis of Toarcian Shales , 1998 .

[40]  R. Evershed,et al.  Recognition of chitin and proteins in invertebrate cuticles using analytical pyrolysis/gas chromatography and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. , 1996, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.