Incorporation of supramolecular hydrogels into agarose hydrogels—a potential drug delivery carrier

In this study, we investigated the incorporation of multi-component supramolecular hydrogels into agarose hydrogels to create novel hybrid hydrogels. The fracture stresses of the hybrid hydrogels were at least 20 times higher than those of supramolecular hydrogels. The hybrid hydrogels could be fabricated into different shapes, and they allowed other components to be incorporated. We used Congo red as a drug model to study the potential application of hybrid hydrogels as drug delivery carriers, and we used fluorescence microscopy to study the interaction between Congo red and the nanofibers in the hybrid hydrogels. The results indicated that the releasing profile of Congo red strongly interfered with the stability and structures of the supramolecular hydrogels.

[1]  Bing Xu,et al.  Small molecule hydrogels based on a class of antiinflammatory agents. , 2004, Chemical communications.

[2]  Rein V Ulijn,et al.  Enzyme-assisted self-assembly under thermodynamic control. , 2009, Nature nanotechnology.

[3]  I. Hamachi,et al.  Semi-wet peptide/protein array using supramolecular hydrogel , 2004, Nature materials.

[4]  Bing Xu,et al.  Enzymatic hydrogelation of small molecules. , 2008, Accounts of chemical research.

[5]  B. Kim,et al.  An insulin-sensing sugar-based fluorescent hydrogel. , 2006, Chemical communications.

[6]  Yonggang Yang,et al.  Control of mesoporous silica nanostructures and pore-architectures using a thickener and a gelator. , 2007, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[7]  Rein V. Ulijn,et al.  Fmoc‐Diphenylalanine Self Assembles to a Hydrogel via a Novel Architecture Based on π–π Interlocked β‐Sheets , 2008 .

[8]  C. Ratcliffe,et al.  Interfacing Supramolecular Gels and Quantum Dots with Ultrasound: Smart Photoluminescent Dipeptide Gels , 2008 .

[9]  J. Tiller,et al.  Surface-induced hydrogelation. , 2005, Chemical communications.

[10]  Itaru Hamachi,et al.  Molecular recognition and fluorescence sensing of monophosphorylated peptides in aqueous solution by bis(zinc(II)-dipicolylamine)-based artificial receptors. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[11]  Rein V Ulijn,et al.  Enzyme-triggered self-assembly of peptide hydrogels via reversed hydrolysis. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[12]  R. Ulijn,et al.  Exploiting enzymatic (reversed) hydrolysis in directed self-assembly of peptide nanostructures. , 2008, Small.

[13]  Rein V. Ulijn,et al.  Enzyme-responsive materials: a new class of smart biomaterials , 2006 .

[14]  Bing Xu,et al.  Enzymatic hydrogelation to immobilize an enzyme for high activity and stability. , 2008, Soft matter.

[15]  A. Heeres,et al.  Responsive cyclohexane-based low-molecular-weight hydrogelators with modular architecture. , 2004, Angewandte Chemie.

[16]  Yonggang Yang,et al.  Control of helical silica nanostructures using a chiral surfactant , 2006 .

[17]  Ehud Gazit,et al.  Self-assembled peptide nanostructures: the design of molecular building blocks and their technological utilization. , 2007, Chemical Society reviews.

[18]  Bing Xu,et al.  Molecular hydrogel-immobilized enzymes exhibit superactivity and high stability in organic solvents. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[19]  S. Stupp,et al.  Coassembly of amphiphiles with opposite peptide polarities into nanofibers. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[20]  Yonggang Yang,et al.  Fabrication of helical hybrid silica bundles , 2007 .

[21]  J. Tiller,et al.  Increasing the local concentration of drugs by hydrogel formation. , 2003, Angewandte Chemie.

[22]  Shuguang Zhang,et al.  Molecular self-assembly of surfactant-like peptides to form nanotubes and nanovesicles , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[23]  Meital Reches,et al.  Casting Metal Nanowires Within Discrete Self-Assembled Peptide Nanotubes , 2003, Science.

[24]  Bing Xu,et al.  A supramolecular-hydrogel-encapsulated hemin as an artificial enzyme to mimic peroxidase. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[25]  H. Gu,et al.  Enzymatic Formation of Supramolecular Hydrogels , 2004 .

[26]  Bing Xu,et al.  D-glucosamine-based supramolecular hydrogels to improve wound healing. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[27]  A. Rich,et al.  Extensive neurite outgrowth and active synapse formation on self-assembling peptide scaffolds. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  Young Jun Seo,et al.  Reversible sol-gel signaling system with epMB for the study of enzyme- and pH-triggered oligonucleotide release from a biotin hydrogel. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[29]  Andrew M. Smith,et al.  Designing peptide based nanomaterials. , 2008, Chemical Society reviews.

[30]  Xiaojun Zhao,et al.  Molecular designer self-assembling peptides. , 2006, Chemical Society reviews.

[31]  Samuel I Stupp,et al.  Peptide-amphiphile nanofibers: A versatile scaffold for the preparation of self-assembling materials , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[32]  Meital Reches,et al.  Rigid, Self‐Assembled Hydrogel Composed of a Modified Aromatic Dipeptide , 2006 .

[33]  Bing Xu,et al.  In vitro and in vivo enzymatic formation of supramolecular hydrogels based on self-assembled nanofibers of a beta-amino acid derivative. , 2007, Small.

[34]  Bing Xu,et al.  Self-assembly of small molecules affords multifunctional supramolecular hydrogels for topically treating simulated uranium wounds. , 2005, Chemical communications.

[35]  Shuguang Zhang Fabrication of novel biomaterials through molecular self-assembly , 2003, Nature Biotechnology.

[36]  I. Hamachi,et al.  Three distinct read-out modes for enzyme activity can operate in a semi-wet supramolecular hydrogel. , 2005, Chemistry.

[37]  B. Geiger,et al.  Supramolecular crafting of cell adhesion. , 2007, Biomaterials.

[38]  Neil L. Campbell,et al.  Controlled release from modified amino acid hydrogels governed by molecular size or network dynamics. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[39]  A. Miller,et al.  Nanostructured Hydrogels for Three‐Dimensional Cell Culture Through Self‐Assembly of Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl–Dipeptides , 2006 .

[40]  Krista L. Niece,et al.  Selective Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells by High-Epitope Density Nanofibers , 2004, Science.

[41]  I. Hamachi,et al.  Photo-responsive gel droplet as a nano- or pico-litre container comprising a supramolecular hydrogel. , 2008, Chemical communications.

[42]  B. Feringa,et al.  University of Groningen Design and Application of Self-Assembled Low Molecular Weight Hydrogels , 2005 .