Flag leaf role in N accumulation and remobilization as affected by nitrogen in a bread and durum wheat cultivars.

2 Abstract: Understanding the physiological basis of absorption and transportation of nitrogen by plants has specific importance. In this experiment, a bread and durum wheat cultivars were treated with different rates and times of nitrogen application, using split factorial on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at Khuzestan region during 2007-2008. Main plots were consisted of two wheat cultivars (Cahmran, Triticum aestivum L and Yavaros, Triticum durum L) and sub plots included nitrogen rates (40, 80 and 160 kg ha ) and times of nitrogen application (T1= all N fertilizer at planting, T2= 1/2 at planting + 1 1/2 during booting stage and T3= 1/3 at planting + 1/3 during booting stage + 1/3 at heading stage). The results showed that there were significant differences between cultivars in flag leaf nitrogen content dyring maturity stage, N remobilization and its efficiency from flag leaf to the grains and also grain protein percentage. Durum wheat was more efficient in nitrogen remobilization, therefore, had higher grain protein percentage. Increasing in rates and times of nitrogen application had significant effect on most of the traits. There were significant interactions between cultivars, rates and times of N application, indicating that durum wheat was more efficient in N remobilization from flag leaf to the grain. In general, it appeared that N remobilization efficiency was the main factor affecting the grain protein percentage under the conditions of low N absorption in this experiment.

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