What are the current limits of the Kinect sensor

The Kinect sensor offers new perspectives for the development and application of affordable, portable and easy-to-use markerless motion capture (MMC) technology. However, at the moment, accuracy of this device is still not known. In this study we compare results from Kinect (MMC) with those of a stereophotogrammetric system (marker based system [MBS]). 27 subjects performed a deep squatting motion. Parameters studied were segments lengths and joint angles. Results varied significantly depending on the joint or segment analysed. For segment length MMC shows poor results when subjects were performing movement. Differences were also found concerning joint angles, but regression equations were computed for each joint that produced the same results for MMC and MBS after correction.

[1]  D. Altman,et al.  STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT , 1986, The Lancet.

[2]  Andrea Bottino,et al.  A Silhouette Based Technique for the Reconstruction of Human Movement , 2001, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[3]  Rolf Moe-Nilssen A method for reliability analysis of speed-related repeated measures gait data. , 2011, Gait & posture.

[4]  Yoshua Bengio,et al.  Pattern Recognition and Neural Networks , 1995 .

[5]  Ioannis A. Kakadiaris,et al.  3D human body model acquisition from multiple views , 1995, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[6]  Bart Jansen,et al.  Serious games for physical rehabilitation: Designing highly configurable and adaptable games , 2012 .

[7]  Francesco Menegoni,et al.  Gait pattern in myotonic dystrophy (Steinert disease): A kinematic, kinetic and EMG evaluation using 3D gait analysis , 2012, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[8]  A. Cappozzo,et al.  Human movement analysis using stereophotogrammetry. Part 3. Soft tissue artifact assessment and compensation. , 2005, Gait & posture.

[9]  A. Cappozzo,et al.  Human movement analysis using stereophotogrammetry. Part 1: theoretical background. , 2005, Gait & posture.

[10]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Tracking people with twists and exponential maps , 1998, Proceedings. 1998 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98CB36231).

[11]  Larry S. Davis,et al.  Towards 3-D model-based tracking and recognition of human movement: a multi-view approach , 1995 .

[12]  Franck Marzani,et al.  A 3-D marker-free system for the analysis of movement disabilities - an application to the legs , 2001, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[13]  Ludo Verhoeven,et al.  Part 1: Theoretical Background , 1987 .

[14]  A Leardini,et al.  Position and orientation in space of bones during movement: anatomical frame definition and determination. , 1995, Clinical biomechanics.

[15]  Karl Rohr,et al.  Incremental recognition of pedestrians from image sequences , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[16]  Kaliamoorthi Prabhu Model based tracking of articulated objects , 2014 .

[17]  Sung-Rae Cho,et al.  Differential effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation and neurodevelopmental treatment/Bobath on gait patterns in adults with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial , 2012, Clinical rehabilitation.

[18]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  Automated markerless extraction of walking people using deformable contour models , 2004, Comput. Animat. Virtual Worlds.

[19]  J. O'Rourke,et al.  Model-based image analysis of human motion using constraint propagation , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[20]  Yao-Jen Chang,et al.  A Kinect-based system for physical rehabilitation: a pilot study for young adults with motor disabilities. , 2011, Research in developmental disabilities.

[21]  J M Bland,et al.  Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement , 1986 .

[22]  A Leardini,et al.  Position and orientation in space of bones during movement: experimental artefacts. , 1996, Clinical biomechanics.