Security constrained optimal power flow for HVAC and HVDC grids

This paper includes security constraints in OPF calculations for combined HVAC and HVDC grids. Two formulations of the problem are considered: a preventive and a corrective formulation. The outages of lines, generators and terminal stations are included. The preventive control method assumes that no control actions are taken after a contingency happens, meaning that all actions must be performed in advance. Linear sensitivity factors are used to calculate the influence of the contingency. Under the corrective control method, control actions can be performed both before and after a contingency, using fast controllable HVDC terminals. The two methods are applied to the IEEE14 and the RTS96 test cases, both expanded with an HVDC grid. The corrective control is computationally more intensive, but, in general, gives more economical results.

[1]  Karl H. Johansson,et al.  Distributed Voltage and Current Control of Multi-Terminal High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission Systems , 2013 .

[2]  Dirk Van Hertem,et al.  Multi-terminal VSC HVDC for the European supergrid: Obstacles , 2010 .

[3]  R. Belmans,et al.  Minimization of steady-state losses in meshed networks using VSC HVDC , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[4]  Thomas J. Overbye,et al.  Extended factors for linear contingency analysis , 2001, Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[5]  J. Ramos,et al.  State-of-the-art, challenges, and future trends in security constrained optimal power flow , 2011 .

[6]  Thilo Krause,et al.  Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow including Post-Contingency Control of VSC-HVDC lines , 2012 .

[7]  O. Alsaç,et al.  DC Power Flow Revisited , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[8]  Mohammad Shahidehpour,et al.  The IEEE Reliability Test System-1996. A report prepared by the Reliability Test System Task Force of the Application of Probability Methods Subcommittee , 1999 .

[9]  Goran Andersson,et al.  DC optimal power flow including HVDC grids , 2013, 2013 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference.

[10]  M. Ghandhari,et al.  Modelling of multi-terminal HVDC systems in optimal power flow formulation , 2012, 2012 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference.

[11]  Johanna L. Mathieu,et al.  A unified analysis of security-constrained OPF formulations considering uncertainty, risk, and controllability in single and multi-area systems , 2013, 2013 IREP Symposium Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - IX Optimization, Security and Control of the Emerging Power Grid.

[12]  G. Andersson,et al.  Optimal power flow for combined AC and multi-terminal HVDC grids based on VSC converters , 2012, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[13]  Chen-Ching Liu,et al.  Economic and technical criteria for designing future off-shore HVDC grids , 2010, 2010 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe).