Extraction of metal ions sorbed on hydrous oxides of iron(III)

Extraction of metal ions presorbed on Fe(III) hydrous oxide suspensions using 20 different chemical reagents has confirmed that bonding to several different sites can be involved. Up to half of the sorbed Cd was moderately weakly bound, and was displaced by Mg, Ca and Na chloride solutions but these reagents released little Cu or Pb, and < 20% of the Zn. Reagents which partially dissolved gel suspensions (e.g. mineral acids, EDTA, reducing agents) released > 80% of the sorbed metal ion, but a small fraction remained as a limited solubility interaction product in each case. Sorption and extraction behavior using samples containing goethite and/or hematite reflected the lower solubility of these solids in the various solutions. ‘Aged’ gels bound metal ions less strongly than freshly precipitated hydrous oxide. The extraction data has been interpreted in terms of displacement reactions, formation of complex ions, and specific adsorption (or coprecipitation). The significance of hydrous oxide formation in metal ion scavenging from natural waters and subsequent release processes has been considered.

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