Coordinated Performance Optimization of a Variable Geometry Compressor With Model Predictive Control for a Turbocharged Diesel Engine

The concept of variable geometry compressor (VGC) has been recently proposed as a future improvement for automotive turbochargers to further increase the efficiency and boosting at low engine speed, and to provide a more direct control over the stability margin at medium-high engine load. This paper presents a control design for the air path system of an automotive diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), variable geometry turbine (VGT), and VGC systems. Starting from a validated model, a study of the steady-state and dynamic responses is conducted to understand the influence of the VGC combined with VGT-EGR actuators on the performance of the system. Then, a feedback control strategy that coordinates the VGC actuator with the existing VGT-EGR controller based on model predictive control is proposed to optimize the compressor performance. The new methodology shows how the VGC can be used to increase the stability range of the compressor while providing the opportunity to improve its efficiency, by means of shifting the surge limit and reshaping the peak efficiency region of the machine. Simulation results on a vehicle acceleration profile with gear shift transients are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

[1]  F. Moore,et al.  A Theory of Post-Stall Transients in Axial Compression Systems: Part I—Development of Equations , 1986 .

[2]  John B. Heywood,et al.  Internal combustion engine fundamentals , 1988 .

[3]  Jan Tommy Gravdahl,et al.  Centrifugal compressor surge and speed control , 1999, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[4]  Ilya V. Kolmanovsky,et al.  Control of variable geometry turbocharged diesel engines for reduced emissions , 2000, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[5]  Mrdjan Jankovic,et al.  Constructive Lyapunov control design for turbocharged diesel engines , 2000, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[6]  G. Theotokatos,et al.  DIESEL ENGINE TRANSIENT OPERATION WITH TURBOCHARGER COMPRESSOR SURGING , 2001 .

[7]  Lars Eriksson,et al.  CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION OF TURBOCHARGED SPARK IGNITED ENGINES , 2002 .

[8]  Kenneth R. Muske,et al.  Disturbance modeling for offset-free linear model predictive control , 2002 .

[9]  Alberto Bemporad,et al.  The explicit linear quadratic regulator for constrained systems , 2003, Autom..

[10]  Pierre Leduc,et al.  Downsizing of Gasoline Engine: an Efficient Way to Reduce CO2 Emissions , 2003 .

[11]  Marcello Canova,et al.  Development and validation of a control-oriented library for the simulation of automotive engines , 2004 .

[12]  Lino Guzzella,et al.  Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems , 2004 .

[13]  Richard Murphy,et al.  Turbocharging Concepts for Downsized DI Gasoline Engines , 2004 .

[14]  Amey Y. Karnik,et al.  Electronic throttle and wastegate control for turbocharged gasoline engines , 2005, Proceedings of the 2005, American Control Conference, 2005..

[15]  Michał Grochowski,et al.  ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SOFTLY SWITCHED MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL , 2005 .

[16]  Keith Glover,et al.  Calibratable linear parameter-varying control of a turbocharged diesel engine , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[17]  H. Kindl,et al.  Potential of flow pre-whirl at the compressor inlet of automotive engine turbochargers to enlarge surge margin and overcome packaging limitations , 2007 .

[18]  Luigi del Re,et al.  Predictive Control of a Diesel Engine Air Path , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[19]  J. Hétet,et al.  Variable Inlet Guide Vanes in a Turbocharger Centrifugal Compressor: Local and Global Study , 2008 .

[20]  Francesco Borrelli,et al.  A model predictive control framework for industrial turbodiesel engine control , 2008, 2008 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[21]  I. Kolmanovsky,et al.  Issues in Modelling and Control of Intake Flow In Variable Geometry , 2009 .

[22]  L. del Re,et al.  Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of a Diesel Engine Airpath , 2009 .

[23]  Joerg R. Seume,et al.  The Potential of Variable Compressor Geometry for Highly Boosted Gasoline Engines , 2011 .

[24]  Chris Manzie,et al.  Model Reduction of Turbocharged (TC) Spark Ignition (SI) Engines , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[25]  Fabio Chiara,et al.  Modeling and Analysis of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with Variable Geometry Compressor System , 2011 .

[26]  Fabio Chiara,et al.  A model-based methodology to predict the compressor behaviour for the simulation of turbocharged engines , 2012 .

[27]  M. Canova,et al.  Model-Based Analysis and Optimization of Turbocharged Diesel Engines with a Variable Geometry Compressor and Turbine System , 2012 .

[28]  Lars Eriksson,et al.  A surge and choke capable compressor flow model—Validation and extrapolation capability , 2013 .

[29]  Lars Eriksson,et al.  Output Selection and Its Implications for MPC of EGR and VGT in Diesel Engines , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[30]  Fabio Chiara,et al.  System analysis and optimization of Variable Geometry Compressor for turbocharged diesel engines , 2013, 2013 American Control Conference.

[31]  Stefan Pischinger,et al.  Potentials of Variable Compressor Pre Swirl Devices in Consideration of Different Sealing Concepts , 2013 .

[32]  Peter Eilts,et al.  Experimental Investigation of Variable Geometry Compressor for Highly Boosted Gasoline Engines , 2015 .