Computer Application in Routing of Road using Least-Cost Path Analysis in Hillside Development

The aim of this study is to determine accessibility (road) with application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) by using spatial data in hillsides for development. Optimal road planning is a challenging problem of the environment and economic development in high mountain areas that requires the most sophisticated scientific methods of path analysis. In planning the most suitable route for the road, the topography has always acted as an important role as a constraint. The Least-Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) method provides a way to find a route (the cheapest) best from the start and end in two locations that can be easily calculated by considering several criteria in GIS. To find a route with the lowest cost for a road, GIS technology has enabled the implementation of a wide range of linear infrastructure, such as the best route for the road. This study aims at the analysis of best route for a road by using integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and LCPA approaches in GIS. This analysis used topography and functions related to the slope, land use and the cost data layers. The study found that the road should be kept away from the unnecessary slopes. LCPA model was tested in the form of examples for the most suitable route planning in the development of mounting sites using ArcGIS 9.3.

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