Present Status and Development Trend of Batteries for Electric Vehicles

With the advent of more stringent regulations related to emissions,energy resource constraints and financial crisis,the world has sparked a global race to electrify transportation.Battery is not only a key component of electric vehicles,but also plays a prominent role as the joint of power and automotive industry.This paper reviews improvements made in the design and manufacture of batteries as well as development of electric vehicles during the past decades.State of the art for three important battery technologies in EV application,namely lead-acid battery,NiMH battery and lithium-ion battery,as well as their current application are presented;and in the viewpoints of chemical propoties of the cell and the performances of commercial pack for EV,detailed comparative analyses in technology and economy are performed.The application outlook of EV battery,its development trend in future and new cell technologies being developed are prospected,and it is pointed out that the power sector of China should pay special attentions to the development of EV battery technology,analyze the influences of EV charging load on power grid and take steps in time.