E-Inclusion for People with Disabilities in E-Government Services through Accessible Multimedia

One of the main challenges of e-Government is the communication of these services to citizens. In the context of people with disabilities, communication channels should be equally accessible, in particular those based on innovative media such as e-Services. This paper, illustrates Pasmao, an initiative for the diffusion of e-Government, using accessible media for people with disabilities. Pasmao is an accessible multimedia platform aimed to promote the use of information technology IT, specifically, the digital signature within Leganes, a town near Madrid, Spain. The results of the evaluation of the experimental implementation of Pasmao reveal a new and promising way to promote e-Services among people with disabilities.

[1]  Zhongxian Wang,et al.  Broadband challenge facing global competitiveness , 2009 .

[2]  Jonathan Lazar,et al.  Web accessibility in the Mid-Atlantic United States: a study of 50 homepages , 2003, Universal Access in the Information Society.

[3]  Michael Theil,et al.  Technology push, legislation pull? E-government in the European Union , 2003, Decis. Support Syst..

[4]  Rhoda C. Joseph,et al.  A comprehensive framework for the assessment of eGovernment projects , 2008, Gov. Inf. Q..

[5]  Paul T. Jaeger,et al.  Assessing Section 508 compliance on federal e-government Web sites: A multi-method, user-centered evaluation of accessibility for persons with disabilities , 2006, Gov. Inf. Q..

[6]  Jan van Dijk,et al.  Personalization in the public sector: An inventory of organizational and user obstacles towards personalization of electronic services in the public sector , 2007, Gov. Inf. Q..

[7]  Dimitri Kanevsky,et al.  wisePad services for vision-, hearing-, and speech-impaired users , 2009, CACM.

[8]  Ángel García-Crespo,et al.  Public Information Services for People with Disabilities: An Accessible Multimedia Platform for the Diffusion of the Digital Signature , 2011 .

[9]  Richard T. Vidgen,et al.  Measuring Web site quality improvements: a case study of the forum on strategic management knowledge exchange , 2003, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[10]  E. Hargittai,et al.  The disability divide in internet access and use , 2006 .

[11]  Z. Fang.  E-Government in Digital Era: Concept, Practice, and Development , 2002 .

[12]  K. Schartz,et al.  Employment of persons with disabilities in information technology jobs: literature review for "IT works". , 2002, Behavioral sciences & the law.

[13]  G. Garson,et al.  The promise of digital government , 2004 .

[14]  Helen Petrie,et al.  Personalization, interaction, and navigation in rich multimedia documents for print-disabled users , 2005, IBM Syst. J..

[15]  Chetwyn C. H. Chan,et al.  The Effect of Systematic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Training Programme for People with Intellectual Disabilities , 2006 .

[16]  Anthony Tusler,et al.  How to Make Technology Work: A Study of Best Practices in United States Electronic and Information Technology Companies , 2005 .

[17]  Jungwoo Lee,et al.  Developing fully functional E-government: A four stage model , 2001, Gov. Inf. Q..

[18]  Ahmed Al-Omari,et al.  E-Government Readiness Assessment Model , 2006 .

[19]  David L. Gast,et al.  Multimedia Computer-Based Instruction to Teach Students With Moderate Intellectual Disabilities to Use a Debit Card to Make Purchases , 2003 .

[20]  L. Collet,et al.  The effects of an audio-visual training program in dyslexic children. , 2004, Dyslexia.

[21]  Kenneth L. Kraemer,et al.  Information Technology and Administrative Reform: Will E-Government Be Different? , 2006, Int. J. Electron. Gov. Res..

[22]  Brian C. O'Connor,et al.  Access to Moving Image Documents: Background Concepts and Proposals for Surrogates for film and video Works , 1985, J. Documentation.

[23]  Stephen Ruth,et al.  Is E-Government Ready for Prime Time? , 2007, IEEE Internet Computing.

[24]  Paul T. Jaeger,et al.  User-centered e-government: Challenges and benefits for government Web sites , 2006, Gov. Inf. Q..

[25]  P. Jaeger.  The Social Impact of an Accessible E-Democracy , 2004 .

[26]  Jyoti Choudrie,et al.  Using diffusion theory to determine the digital divide in e-services: two UK local-area perspectives , 2007, Electron. Gov. an Int. J..

[27]  Barbara Leporini,et al.  Learning by e-Learning: Breaking Down Barriers and Creating Opportunities for the Visually-Impaired , 2007, HCI.

[28]  Omiros D. Sarikas,et al.  Realising integrated e‐government services: a UK local government perspective , 2007 .

[29]  Helaiel Almutairi,et al.  Information system usage and national culture: evidence from the public service sector , 2008 .

[30]  P. Jaeger.  User-Centered Policy Evaluations of Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act , 2008 .

[31]  K. Schriner,et al.  The Americans With Disabilities Act as Engine of Social Change: Models of Disability and the Potential of a Civil Rights Approach , 2001 .

[32]  William C. Mann,et al.  Computer use by middle-aged and older adults with disabilities , 2005 .

[33]  Begoña Consuegra Cano,et al.  Audiodescripción y elaboración de audioguías para personas con discapacidad visual grave: la norma UNE 153020:2005 , 2008 .

[34]  Kevin McLaughlin,et al.  Closed captioning in distance education , 2005 .

[35]  Greg Downey.  Constructing closed‐captioning in the public interest: from minority media accessibility to mainstream educational technology , 2007 .

[36]  Paloma Martínez,et al.  Disability Standards for Multimedia on the Web , 2008, IEEE MultiMedia.

[37]  Steven E. Stock,et al.  Internet-Based Multimedia Tests and Surveys for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities , 2004 .

[38]  Ángel García-Crespo,et al.  Bringing Accessibility to Multimedia Content: using Social Web , 2009 .

[39]  José L. Gascó,et al.  E-government success: some principles from a Spanish case study , 2007, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[40]  Colette Brunschwig,et al.  Visualising legal information: mind maps and e-government , 2006, Electron. Gov. an Int. J..

[41]  Christopher Newell,et al.  The Business of Digital Disability , 2007, Inf. Soc..

[42]  Ian Burnett,et al.  Universal multimedia experiences for tomorrow , 2003 .

[43]  Mike Wald.  Creating accessible educational multimedia through editing automatic speech recognition captioning in real time , 2006, Interact. Technol. Smart Educ..

[44]  Ping Chen,et al.  Application of word prediction and disambiguation to improve text entry for people with physical disabilities (assistive technology) , 2008, Int. J. Soc. Humanist. Comput..

[45]  Lesa Perzylo.  The application of multimedia CD-ROMs in schools , 1993, Br. J. Educ. Technol..

[46]  Paul T. Jaeger,et al.  E-government around the world: lessons, challenges, and future directions , 2003, Gov. Inf. Q..

[47]  Paul T. Jaeger,et al.  Telecommunications policy and individuals with disabilities: Issues of accessibility and social inclusion in the policy and research agenda , 2006 .

[48]  Gregg C. Vanderheiden,et al.  Web content accessibility guidelines 1.0 , 2001, INTR.

[49]  Paul T. Jaeger,et al.  Deliberative democracy and the conceptual foundations of electronic government , 2005, Gov. Inf. Q..

[50]  G. Dejong,et al.  Independent living: from social movement to analytic paradigm. , 1979, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[51]  Caroline J. Tolbert,et al.  The Effects of E-Government on Trust and Confidence in Government , 2003, DG.O.