From ‘Ego’ to ‘Eco’ in B2B Relationships

This paper addresses sustainable development through the lens of the Viable Systems Approach (VSA), a theoretical approach developed by, among others, Golinelli (2000, 2005, 2010) and Barile (2000, 2008, 2009) to extend the relative reflections of the governing processes of a firm by focusing on the research of consonance within the specific context in which the firm operates. In fact, the aim to ensure a sustainable value proposition, and therefore be more competitive, can only be achieved if one understands and anticipates the evolution of the emerging contingencies while still attempting to exploit one's own distinctive features over time. These issues have particular relevance in business to business (B2B) socio-economic relationships where all of the elements are homeostatically balanced and must constantly change to adapt to the external contingencies, and the lack of ability to adapt and maintain balance could harm or end the relationship.

[1]  R. Grant Contemporary Strategy Analysis , 2005 .

[2]  Sergio Barile,et al.  Corporate governance e creazione di valore nella prospettiva sistemico-vitale , 2011 .

[3]  J.P. Rooney,et al.  Customer satisfaction , 1994, Proceedings of Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS).

[4]  Mario Calabrese,et al.  Sostenibilità E Paradigmi Service-Based: Possibilità E Criticità Per L'Economia D'Impresa (Sustainability and Service-Based Paradigms: Possibilities and Problems for Business Economics) , 2013 .

[5]  Chokri Ben Amar,et al.  Towards Service Oriented Enterprise , 2006, PROLAMAT.

[6]  Luca Carrubbo,et al.  A2A Relations in Service Context , 2012 .

[7]  Luca Carrubbo,et al.  A2A Relationships in Service Contexts , 2012 .

[8]  Francesco Polese,et al.  B2B is Not an Island , 2009 .

[9]  Stephen L. Vargo,et al.  It's all B2B…and beyond: Toward a systems perspective of the market , 2011 .

[10]  Hongchang Wang,et al.  Resource-based modelling of B2B information systems' effect on achieving supply chain ambidexterity: a focus on dynamic heterogeneity , 2012, Int. J. Netw. Virtual Organisations.

[11]  M. S. Khan,et al.  Customer satisfaction and loyalty in B2B services: directions for future research , 2009 .

[12]  Heiko Wieland,et al.  Toward a Service (Eco)Systems Perspective on Value Creation , 2012, Int. J. Serv. Sci. Manag. Eng. Technol..

[13]  P. K. Kannan,et al.  Implications of loyalty program membership and service experiences for customer retention and value , 2000 .

[14]  S. Krippner The holistic paradigm , 1991 .

[15]  R. Normann,et al.  From value chain to value constellation: designing interactive strategy. , 1993, Harvard business review.

[16]  Michael Johnson,et al.  Critical success factors for B2B e-markets: a strategic fit perspective , 2013 .

[17]  M. Friedman,et al.  Capitalism and Freedom , 1963 .

[18]  Ludwig von Bertalanffy,et al.  General System Theory , 1969 .

[19]  F. Capra The Web of Life , 1996 .

[20]  Daniel A. Bell,et al.  The Cultural Contradictions Of Capitalism , 1976 .

[21]  H Hkansson,et al.  The Burden Of Relationships Or Who's Next , 1995 .

[22]  David F Ballantyne,et al.  Creating value-in-use through marketing interaction: the exchange logic of relating, communicating and knowing , 2006 .

[23]  Francesco Polese,et al.  Local Government and Networking Trends Supporting Sustainable Tourism: Some Empirical Evidence , 2009 .

[24]  Rahul C. Basole,et al.  Complexity of service value networks: Conceptualization and empirical investigation , 2008, IBM Syst. J..

[25]  Mark S. Granovetter Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness , 1985, American Journal of Sociology.

[26]  Juha J. Hinkkanen,et al.  CONCEPTUALIZING THE CO-CREATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN TECHNOLOGY-INTENSIVE B2B MARKETS: AGENT-BASED MODELING APPROACH , 2013 .

[27]  Matti J. Haverila,et al.  Customer complaint behavior and satisfaction in a B2B context: a longitudinal analysis , 2010 .

[28]  Marialuisa Saviano,et al.  Managerial Choices between Systems, Knowledge and Viability , 2013 .

[29]  K. Boulding General Systems Theory---The Skeleton of Science , 1956 .

[30]  John Holt,et al.  Critical Systems Thinking: Directed Readings , 1992 .

[31]  J. Elkington Cannibals with Forks , 1997 .

[32]  Francesco Polese,et al.  Linking the Viable System and Many-to-Many Network Approaches to Service Dominant Logic and Service Science , 2010 .

[33]  Francesco Polese,et al.  A Brief Review of Systems Theories and Their Managerial Applications , 2010 .

[34]  Stephen L. Vargo,et al.  Contextualization and value-in-context: How context frames exchange , 2011 .

[35]  Francesco Polese,et al.  An Introduction to the Viable Systems Approach and its Contribution to Marketing , 2012 .

[36]  E. Anderson Customer Satisfaction and Word of Mouth , 1998 .

[37]  Evert Gummesson,et al.  Qualitative research in marketing , 2005 .

[38]  John Elkington,et al.  Partnerships from cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st‐century business , 1998 .

[39]  G. Brundtland,et al.  Our common future , 1987 .

[40]  Stafford Beer,et al.  Platform for Change , 1995 .

[41]  J. Galaskiewicz,et al.  A contingency theory of policy innovation: how different theories explain the ratification of the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol , 2013, International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics.

[42]  Sergio Barile,et al.  Foundations of Systems Thinking: The Structure-System Paradigm , 2011 .

[43]  Julian Huxley,et al.  Evolution in Action , 1953 .

[44]  R. L. Flood,et al.  Liberating Systems Theory: Toward Critical Systems Thinking , 1990 .

[45]  Fritjof Capra,et al.  The Hidden Connections , 2002 .

[46]  K. Weick FROM SENSEMAKING IN ORGANIZATIONS , 2021, The New Economic Sociology.

[47]  Zhigeng Fang,et al.  Editorial: towards service science, engineering and practice , 2007 .

[48]  Sergio Barile,et al.  Le basi del pensiero sistemico: la dicotomia struttura-sistema (Foundation of Systems Thinking: The Structure-System Dichotomy) , 2008 .

[49]  M. Porter Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance , 1985 .

[50]  T. Downing Bowler,et al.  General systems thinking : its scope and applicability , 1981 .

[51]  Francesco Polese,et al.  L'Integrazione Sistemica Degli Aggregati Reticolari Di Impresa (Systemic Integration of the Enterprise's Reticular Aggregates) , 2004 .

[52]  Stephen L. Vargo,et al.  From Repeat Patronage to Value Co-creation in Service Ecosystems: A Transcending Conceptualization of Relationship , 2010 .

[53]  Irene C. L. Ng,et al.  Outcome-based contracts as a driver for systems thinking and service-dominant logic in service science: evidence from the defence industry , 2009 .

[54]  David Bowie,et al.  Revenue management: the impact on business-to-business relationships , 2009 .

[55]  Clara Bassano,et al.  A VSA-SS Approach to Healthcare Service Systems: The Triple Target of Efficiency, Effectiveness and Sustainability , 2010 .

[56]  A. Carroll A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance , 1979 .

[57]  K. Blois,et al.  B2B `Relationships' - A Social Construction of Reality? , 2003 .

[58]  A. Carroll The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders , 1991 .

[59]  Mauro Gatti,et al.  The firm as a viable system: managing inter-organisational relationships , 2011 .

[60]  Frederick F. Reichheld,et al.  The Loyalty Effect: The Hidden Force Behind Growth, Profits, and Lasting Value (Эффект лояльности: скрытая движущая сила роста, прибыли и постоянной ценности) , 1996 .

[61]  H. Bowen Social Responsibilities of the Businessman , 2013 .

[62]  Stephen L. Vargo,et al.  Service-dominant logic: continuing the evolution , 2008 .

[63]  Anatol Rapoport,et al.  General System Theory , 1986 .

[64]  Martin H. Levinson Linked: The New Science of Networks , 2004 .

[65]  Subrata Biswas,et al.  The Future of Competition: Co-Creating Unique Value with Customers , 2004 .

[66]  Lopo L. Rego,et al.  Customer Satisfaction, Cash Flow, and Shareholder Value , 2005 .

[67]  Bela H. Banathy,et al.  Designing social systems in a changing world , 1996 .

[68]  Russell L. Ackoff,et al.  The systems revolution , 1974 .

[69]  Charles D. Pringle,et al.  The Illusion of Contingency Theory as a General Theory , 1978 .

[70]  J. Ladd Morality and the Ideal of Rationality in Formal Organizations , 1970 .

[71]  T. Keiningham,et al.  A Longitudinal Analysis of Customer Satisfaction and Share of Wallet: Investigating the Moderating Effect of Customer Characteristics , 2007 .

[72]  Tiziana Casciaro,et al.  Change Agents, Networks, and Institutions: A Contingency Theory of Organizational Change , 2012 .

[73]  Francesco Polese,et al.  Networking Approaches for Sustainable Destination Management: An Italian Case Study , 2007 .