Research of improved clustering routing algorithm based on load balance in wireless sensor networks

Making use of clustering techniques in routing protocols can improve the scalability of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Aimed at the problems of monitoring bland area and hotspot which the traditional clustering routing protocols exist, this paper makes an improvement based on LEACH and PEGASIS and presents an improved clustering routing algorithm based on load balance in WSNs. In cluster formation, the nodes consider the complex distance of nodes to cluster head (CH) and CH to base station (BS), and join the cluster which the complex distance is minimum. This strategy balances the network energy efficiently. The communication of inter-cluster adopts multi-hop mode, which the next hop routing is chosen based on the network communication cost and the residual energy of CH, to make the network load more balanced. Simulation results show that this algorithm balances energy consumption among the network efficiently, and prolongs network lifetime.