An electrical pen for signature verification using a two-dimensional optical angle sensor

This paper presents an electrical pen for signature verification. The pen has the ability to detect the X-, Y- and Z-directional components of writing force. In addition to the Z-directional detection along the pen axis using a conventional PZT force sensor, a new method is proposed for the X- and Y-directional detection. The proposed method employs a two-dimensional (2D) angle sensor to detect the 2D components of the tilt angle of the ink rod, which correspond to the X- and Y-dimensional components of writing force. Basic experiments in which patterns and letters are written demonstrated the possibility of three-dimensional force detection. Calibration experiments were also performed.