Translation and relevance
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In this study I argue that the phenomenon commonly
referred to as "translation" can be accounted for naturally
within the relevance theory of communication developed
by Sperber and Wilson: there is no need for a distinct
general theory of translation. Most kinds of translation
can be analysed as varieties of Interpretive use.
I distinguish direct from indirect translation, where
direct translation corresponds to the idea that translation
should convey the same meaning as the original, including
stylistic effects, and indirect translation involves
looser degrees of faithfulness. I show that direct
translation is merely a special case of interpretive use,
whereas indirect translation is the general case. More
generally, the different kinds of translation, with the
various principles and guidelines that have been proposed
to account for them, can be explained in terms of the interaction
between the principle of relevance and contextual
factors, without recourse to typological frameworks.
I end by arguing that the communicative success of
a translation is not determined by conformity to any
stipulations of translation theory, but by the causal interaction
between stimulus, context and interpretation
rooted in the relevance-orientation of human cognition.