Paints and coatings from renewable resources

Abstract In recent years an increasing interest is observed in the development of more environment-friendly paints and coatings. This paper discusses advances in the use of renewable resources in formulations for various types of coatings. In particular, recent developments in the application of (new) vegetable oils and plant proteins in coating systems are addressed. Regarding vegetable-oil-based binders, current research is focussed on an increased application of oils from conventional as well as new oilseed crops. A very interesting new vegetable oil, for example, originates from such crops as Euphorbia lagascae and Vernonia galamensis, which have high contents (>60%) of an epoxy fatty acid (9c,12,13 epoxy-octadecenoic acid or vernolic acid) that can be used as a reactive diluent. Another interesting new oil is derived from Calendula officinalis, or “Marigold”. This oil contains >63% of a C18 conjugated tri-ene fatty acid (8t,10t,12c-octadecatrienoic acid or calendic acid), analogous to the major fatty acid in tung oil. Presently, research aims at evaluating film-forming abilities of these oils and of chemical derivatives of these oils, both in solvent-borne and water-based emulsion systems. In research on industrial applications of plant proteins, corn, but particularly wheat gluten has been modified chemically to obtain protein dispersions that have excellent film-forming characteristics and strong adhesion to various surfaces. Especially wheat gluten films have very interesting mechanical properties, such as an extensibility of over 600%. Gas and moisture permeabilities were found to be easily adjustable by changing the exact formulation of the protein dispersion. Durability and water-resistance of the coatings can be tailored by e.g., varying the degree of cross-linking of the protein binder.

[1]  Irving Skeist,et al.  Handbook of adhesives , 1977 .

[2]  K. D. Carlson,et al.  Chemical epoxidation of a natural unsaturated epoxy seed oil fromVernonia galamensis and a look at epoxy oil markets , 1985 .

[3]  F. Naughton.  Production, chemistry, and commercial applications of various chemicals from castor oil , 1974 .

[4]  P. Couchman.  Compositional Variation of Glass-Transition Temperatures. 2. Application of the Thermodynamic Theory to Compatible Polymer Blends , 1978 .

[5]  M. Bagby,et al.  Lithographic and letterpress ink vehicles from vegetable oils , 1991 .

[6]  H. M. Z. Beerentrup,et al.  Screening for European productions of oilseed with unusual fatty acids , 1987 .

[7]  M. Bagby,et al.  Vegetable oil-based printing inks , 1992 .

[8]  C. Bye.  Casein and Mixed Protein Adhesives , 1990 .

[9]  W. Morgans.  Outlines of paint technology , 1969 .

[10]  K. Achaya.  Chemical derivatives of castor oil , 1971, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society.

[11]  Nathalie Gontard,et al.  Edible Wheat Gluten Films: Influence of the Main Process Variables on Film Properties using Response Surface Methodology , 1992 .

[12]  L. Princen,et al.  Development of new crops for industrial raw materials , 1984 .

[13]  C. J. Murphy,et al.  Naturally functionalized triglyceride oils in interpenetrating polymer networks , 1993 .

[14]  D. Myers.  Industrial applications for soy protein and potential for increased utilization , 1993 .

[15]  Aristippos Gennadios,et al.  Modification of Physical and Barrier Properties of Edible Wheat Gluten-Based Films , 1993 .

[16]  F. P. Cuperus,et al.  Composition and physical properties of oils from new oilseed crops , 1992 .

[17]  W. D. Detlefsen.  Blood and Casein Adhesives for Bonding Wood , 1989 .

[18]  W. Hondelmann,et al.  Fettsäuren der Samenöle europäischer Wildpflanzen : Ein Ansatzpunkt für die Entwicklung von industriellen Nutzpflanzen , 1982 .

[19]  F. P. Cuperus,et al.  New seed oils for oleochemical industry: evaluation and enzyme-bioreactor mediated processing , 1992 .

[20]  F. Naughton,et al.  Castor: a new sense of direction , 1991 .

[21]  I. Murphy,et al.  ERUCIC, BEHENIC: FEEDSTOCKS OF THE 21ST CENTURY , 1991 .