Comparison of a vehicle equipped with Electronic Stability Control (ESC) to a vehicle with Four Wheel Steering (4WS)

Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and Four Wheel Steering (4WS) have been used to control the yaw rate and sideslip angle of automobiles, in order to improve stability and prevent accidents. The scope of this paper is to compare the behaviour of a vehicle equipped with no control systems, to a vehicle equipped with ESC, a vehicle equipped with 4WS and a vehicle equipped with a combination of ESC and 4WS in a series of simulated tests, using an adequate vehicle and driver model. The operating parameters of the control systems and the driver model have been optimised by using an evolution strategy. According to the results, the vehicle equipped with 4WS performed better in open-loop tests, while the vehicle equipped with ESC performed better in closed-loop tests where the vehicle is controlled by the driver model. The vehicle equipped with a combination of ESC and 4WS has achieved consistently better results in all our tests and has shown that the use of 4WS systems can augment the operation of ESC system and achieve a better safety level for future vehicles.ZusammenfassungElectronic Stability Control (ESC) und Four Wheel Steering (4WS) werden verwendet, um die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit und Schiebewinkel der Kontrolle von Fahrzeugen, und um die Stabilität zu verbessern und um Unfalle zu vermeiden. In diesem Beitrag vergleichen wir das Verhalten eines ungeregelten Fahrzeugs mit einem mit der sog. ESC-ausgerüsteten Fahrzeug. Die Betriebsparameter des Regler-Systems und des Fahrermodells werden durch eine Evolutionsstrategie optimiert. Nach den Ergebnissen, Das mit dem 4WS-System ausgerüstete Fahrzeug ist besser in den Open-Loop-Tests, während das mit dem ESP-System ausgerüstete Fahrzeug besser in den Closed-Loop-Tests ist, bei denen das Fahrzeug vom Fahrermodell gesteuert wird. Das Fahrzeug mit einer Kombination von ESC und 4WS hat durchweg bessere Ergebnisse in allen unseren Tests, und hat gezeigt, dass die Verwendung von 4WS Systemen den Betrieb des ESC-Systems erweitern und ein besseres Sicherheitsniveau für zukünftige Fahrzeuge erreichen können.

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