Opiate addiction: the case for an adaptive orientation.

[1]  L. Robins,et al.  Antecedents of narcotic use and addiction. A study of 898 Vietnam veterans. , 1976, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[2]  J. Teasdale Conditioned abstinence in narcotic addicts. , 1973, The International journal of the addictions.

[3]  V. Dole Narcotic addiction, physical dependence and relapse. , 1972, The New England journal of medicine.

[4]  S. Snyder,et al.  Opiate receptors and internal opiates. , 1977, Scientific American.

[5]  W. McAuliffe,et al.  A Test of Lindesmith's Theory of Addiction: The Frequency of Euphoria Among Long-Term Addicts , 1974, American Journal of Sociology.

[6]  S. Peele Reductionism in the psychology of the eighties. Can biochemistry eliminate addiction, mental illness, and pain? , 1981, The American psychologist.

[7]  Heinz L. Ansbacher,et al.  The individual psychology of Alfred Adler. , 1956 .

[8]  C. O'brien,et al.  Conditioned narcotic withdrawal in humans. , 1977, Science.

[9]  A. Goldstein Opioid peptides endorphins in pituitary and brain. , 1976, Science.

[10]  L. Robins,et al.  Drug use in a normal population of young Negro men. , 1967, American journal of public health and the nation's health.

[11]  A. Wikler,et al.  Dynamics of drug dependence. Implications of a conditioning theory for research and treatment. , 1973, Archives of general psychiatry.

[12]  L. Wurmser The hidden dimension : psychodynamics in compulsive drug use , 1978 .

[13]  J. Newmeyer,et al.  The pseudo junkie: evolution of the heroin lifestyle in the non-addicted individual. , 1974, Anesthesia and Analgesia.

[14]  W. McAuliffe A Second Look at First Effects: The Subjective Effects of Opiates on Nonaddicts , 1975 .

[15]  S. B. Coleman,et al.  The Role of Death in the Addict Family. , 1978 .

[16]  S. Peele Redefining Addiction I. Making Addiction a Scientifically and Socially Useful Concept , 1977, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

[17]  Glaser Fb Letter: Psychologic vs. pharmacologic heroin dependence. , 1974 .

[18]  H. Beecher,et al.  Subjective effects of heroin and morphine in normal subjects. , 1962, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[19]  David F. Musto,et al.  The American disease : origins of narcotic control , 1974 .

[20]  P. Steinglass,et al.  The adaptive consequences of drinking. , 1974, Psychiatry.

[21]  R. Solomon The opponent-process theory of acquired motivation: the costs of pleasure and the benefits of pain. , 1980, The American psychologist.

[22]  W. T. Powers Behavior, the control of perception , 1973 .

[23]  N. Zinberg,et al.  The natural history of "chipping". , 1976, The American journal of psychiatry.

[24]  Johnson Bd Toward a theory of drug subcultures. , 1980 .

[25]  S. Peele Addiction to an experience: a social-psychological-pharmacological theory of addiction. , 1980, NIDA research monograph.

[26]  W. Feuerlein,et al.  [Drug addiction and drug abuse]. , 1969, Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift.

[27]  J. Teasdale The perceived effect of heroin on the interpersonal behavior of heroin-dependent patients, and a comparison with stimulant-dependent patients. , 1972, The International journal of the addictions.

[28]  L. Lasagna,et al.  Drug-induced mood changes in man. I. Observations on healthy subjects, chronically ill patients, and postaddicts. , 1955, Journal of the American Medical Association.

[29]  Lind Ar A general theory of addiction to opiate-type drugs. , 1980 .

[30]  N. Zinberg,et al.  Formerly-addicted-now-controlled opiate users. , 1980, The International journal of the addictions.

[31]  V. Dole,et al.  Heroin addiction--a metabolic disease. , 1967, Archives of internal medicine.

[32]  H. Schwartz Drug Abuse: Clinical and Basic Aspects, Sachindra N. Pradhan, Samarendra N. Dutta (Eds.). C.V. Mosby Company, Westport, Connecticut (1977), MD, PhD, MD, PhD , 1978 .

[33]  G. N. Braucht,et al.  Deviant drug use in adolescence: a review of psychosocial correlates. , 1973, Psychological bulletin.

[34]  B. Alexander,et al.  Opiate Addicts and Their Parents , 1975 .

[35]  S. Freud Civilization and Its Discontents , 2018, Princeton Readings in Political Thought.

[36]  R. Solomon,et al.  An opponent-process theory of motivation. I. Temporal dynamics of affect. , 1974, Psychological review.

[37]  C. O'brien Experimental analysis of conditioning factors in human narcotic addiction. , 1975, Pharmacological reviews.

[38]  R. Apsler,et al.  What is Drug Abuse? , 1978 .

[39]  E. C. Grant AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE MALE LABORATORY RAT , 1963 .

[40]  W. T. Powers Quantitative Analysis of Purposive Systems: Some Spadework at the Foundations of Scientific Psychology , 1978 .

[41]  A. Schatzberg,et al.  Heroin use as an attempt to cope: clinical observations. , 1974, The American journal of psychiatry.

[42]  P. E. Jacobs Epidemiology abuse: epidemiologic and Psychosocial perspectives on heroin maintenance. , 1977, The International journal of the addictions.

[43]  George A. Miller,et al.  Psychology as a means of promoting human welfare. , 1969 .

[44]  T. Todd,et al.  Heroin addiction as a family phenomenon: a new conceptual model. , 1978, The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse.

[45]  T. Lawson,et al.  Toward a theory of drug use. , 1978, The British journal of addiction to alcohol and other drugs.

[46]  A. Wikler Some implications of conditioning theory for problems of drug abuse. , 1971, Behavioral science.

[47]  J D Corbit,et al.  An opponent-process theory of motivation. II. Cigarette addiction. , 1973, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[48]  A. Brodsky,et al.  Love and Addiction , 1975 .

[49]  R. Reddig,et al.  Case studies in the family treatment of drug abuse. , 1976, Family process.

[50]  D. H. Powell A pilot study of occasional heroin users. , 1973, Archives of general psychiatry.

[51]  I. Chein The road to H: narcotics, delinquency, and social policy , 1964 .

[52]  G. Vaillant Adaptation to Life , 1977 .

[53]  P. Biernacki,et al.  The Natural Recovery from Opiate Addiction: Some Preliminary Findings , 1981 .

[54]  H. Wishnie The Impulsive Personality , 1977 .

[55]  N. Zinberg,et al.  PATTERNS OF HEROIN USE , 1978, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[56]  G. Greaves TOWARD AN EXISTENTIAL THEORY OF DRUG DEPENDENCE , 1974, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[57]  N. Zinberg Addiction and ego function. , 1975, The Psychoanalytic study of the child.

[58]  T. Thompson,et al.  Susceptibility to readdiction as a function of the addiction and withdrawal environments. , 1965, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[59]  R. Lazarus Psychological stress and the coping process , 1970 .

[60]  N. Zinberg,et al.  Drugs and the public , 1972 .

[61]  H. Beecher Measurement of Subjective Responses: Quantitative Effects of Drugs , 1959 .

[62]  E. Rubington Drug Addiction as a Deviant Career , 1967 .

[63]  E. Khantzian Opiate addiction: a critique of theory and some implications for treatment. , 1974, American journal of psychotherapy.

[64]  S. Siegel,et al.  Evidence from rats that morphine tolerance is a learned response. , 1975, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[65]  L. Robins,et al.  Narcotic use in southeast Asia and afterward. An interview study of 898 Vietnam returnees. , 1975, Archives of general psychiatry.

[66]  R. Kumar,et al.  Experimental and Clinical Aspects of Drug Dependence , 1977 .

[67]  J. R. Nichols HOW OPIATES CHANGE BEHAVIOR. , 1965, Scientific American.

[68]  S. Glickman,et al.  A biological theory of reinforcement. , 1967, Psychological review.

[69]  E. Schaps,et al.  Primary prevention research: a preliminary review of program outcome studies. , 1980, The International journal of the addictions.

[70]  J. S. Blackwell Drifting, Controlling and Overcoming: Opiate Users Who Avoid Becoming Chronically Dependent , 1983 .

[71]  H. Krystal Drug Dependence: Aspects of Ego Functions , 1970 .

[72]  A. Goldstein Heroin addiction and the role of methadone in its treatment. , 1972, Archives of general psychiatry.

[73]  S. Siegel The role of conditioning in drug tolerance and addiction. , 1979 .

[74]  R. Coombs Drug Abuse as Career , 1981 .

[75]  Alfred R. Lindesmith,et al.  Addiction and Opiates. , 1969 .

[76]  Edward M. Brecher,et al.  Licit and Illicit Drugs , 1972 .

[77]  J. Wolpe,et al.  Treatment of narcotic addiction by inhibition of craving: contending with a cherished habit. , 1980, Comprehensive psychiatry.

[78]  N. Bejerot Addiction to pleasure: a biological and social-psychological theory of addiction. , 1980, NIDA research monograph.

[79]  W. Morgan,et al.  Negative Addiction in Runners. , 1979, The Physician and sportsmedicine.

[80]  S. N. Dutta,et al.  Drug abuse : clinical and basic aspects , 1977 .

[81]  K. Menninger Regulatory devices of the ego under major stress. , 1954, The International journal of psycho-analysis.

[82]  A. Goldstein Heroin Addiction: Sequential Treatment Employing Pharmacologic Supports , 1976 .

[83]  D. Pargman,et al.  Running High: Enkephalin Indicted , 1980 .

[84]  R. Lazarus,et al.  Stress-Related Transactions between Person and Environment , 1978 .

[85]  B. Alexander,et al.  Theories of Opiate Addiction: Time for Pruning , 1981 .

[86]  W. McAuliffe,et al.  Reinforcement and the combination of effects: summary of a theory of opiate addiction. , 1980, NIDA research monograph.

[87]  B. Alexander,et al.  Effect of early and later colony housing on oral ingestion of morphine in rats , 1981, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.