Structure and fractal dimensions of root systems of four co-occurring fruit tree species from Botswana

Des systemes de grosses racines, provenant de quatre especes differentes d'arbres fruitiers d'Afrique du Sud, ont ete completement deterres et digitalises semi-automatiquement. Les distributions spatiales des longueurs de racines ont ete calculees a partir des maquettes informatiques reconstituees. En outre, le caractere fractal des systemes de grosses racines a ete prouve par une determination de dimensions utilisant la methode du comptage de boites. Ces methodes quantitatives revelent des differences architecturales entre les especes, resultant probablement de differentes strategies ecophysiologiques. Pour les echantillons de racines fines, obtenus avant l'excavation des systemes complets, l'analyse fractale des projections planes n'a pas montre de differences significatives entre les especes. Concernant la methode, l'etude fait apparaitre l'apport de la reconstruction digitale 3-D dans le domaine de la recherche sur les appareils racinaires.

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