Structure and fractal dimensions of root systems of four co-occurring fruit tree species from Botswana

Des systemes de grosses racines, provenant de quatre especes differentes d'arbres fruitiers d'Afrique du Sud, ont ete completement deterres et digitalises semi-automatiquement. Les distributions spatiales des longueurs de racines ont ete calculees a partir des maquettes informatiques reconstituees. En outre, le caractere fractal des systemes de grosses racines a ete prouve par une determination de dimensions utilisant la methode du comptage de boites. Ces methodes quantitatives revelent des differences architecturales entre les especes, resultant probablement de differentes strategies ecophysiologiques. Pour les echantillons de racines fines, obtenus avant l'excavation des systemes complets, l'analyse fractale des projections planes n'a pas montre de differences significatives entre les especes. Concernant la methode, l'etude fait apparaitre l'apport de la reconstruction digitale 3-D dans le domaine de la recherche sur les appareils racinaires.

[1]  Michael F. Barnsley,et al.  Fractals everywhere , 1988 .

[2]  C. Sparrow.  The Fractal Geometry of Nature , 1984 .

[3]  Benoit B. Mandelbrot,et al.  Fractal Geometry of Nature , 1984 .

[4]  H. Sinoquet,et al.  Measurement and visualization of the architecture of an adult tree based on a three-dimensional digitising device , 1997, Trees.

[5]  Benoit B. Mandelbrot,et al.  Multifractal measures, especially for the geophysicist , 1989 .

[6]  B. Zeide,et al.  Fractal dimensions of tree crowns in three loblolly pine plantations of coastal South Carolina , 1991 .

[7]  Erwin Dreyer,et al.  Analysis and simulation of the architecture of a growing root system: application to a comparative study of several tree seedlings , 1989 .

[8]  Winfried Kurth,et al.  Die Simulation der Baumarchitektur mit Wachstumsgrammatiken , 1999 .

[9]  J. Hanan,et al.  Module and metamer dynamics and virtual plants , 1994 .

[10]  M. P. Coutts,et al.  Development of the Structural Root System of Sitka Spruce , 1983 .

[11]  P. de Reffye,et al.  MODELLING PLANT GROWTH AND ARCHITECTURE : SOME RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS TO AGRONOMY AND FORESTRY , 1998 .

[12]  Alastair H. Fitter,et al.  Architectural analysis of plant root systems , 1992 .

[13]  Christophe Godin,et al.  Measuring and analysing plants with the AMAPmod software , 1997 .

[14]  G. A. Edgar.  Measure, Topology, and Fractal Geometry , 1990 .

[15]  Philippe de Reffye,et al.  A functional model of tree growth and tree architecture , 1997 .

[16]  E. Renshaw,et al.  Morphology of the Structural Root System of Sitka Spruce 1. Analysis and Quantitative Description , 1983 .

[17]  B. H. Kaye.  A random walk through fractal dimensions , 1989 .

[18]  L. Pagès,et al.  Growth and development of root systems: Geometrical and structural aspects , 1990 .

[19]  A. Eshel,et al.  On the fractal dimensions of a root system , 1998 .

[20]  J. Deans.  Dynamics of Coarse Root Production in a Young Plantation of Picea sitchensis , 1981 .

[21]  D. Mark,et al.  Scale-dependent fractal dimensions of topographic surfaces: An empirical investigation, with applications in geomorphology and computer mapping , 1984 .

[22]  Gail W. T. Wilson,et al.  Architectural analysis of plant root systems 1. Architectural correlates of exploitation efficiency , 1991 .

[23]  Andrew T. A. Wood,et al.  On the performance of box-counting estimators of fractal dimension , 1993 .

[24]  Russell Reeve,et al.  A warning about standard errors when estimating the fractal dimension , 1992 .

[25]  Colin Belgrand,et al.  A new data processing system for root growth and ramification analysis. Description of methods and application to a comparison of seedlings root systems , 1989 .

[26]  Prof. Dr. Francis Hallé,et al.  Tropical Trees and Forests , 1978, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[27]  Akira Yamauchi,et al.  Fractal Analysis of Plant Root Systems , 1989 .

[28]  Theiler.  Statistical precision of dimension estimators. , 1990, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[29]  Kenneth Falconer,et al.  Fractal Geometry: Mathematical Foundations and Applications , 1990 .

[30]  D. Fayle.  Extension and Longitudinal Growth During the Development of Red Pine Root Systems , 1975 .

[31]  L. Strand.  Crown density and fractal dimension. , 1990 .

[32]  Peter Pfeifer,et al.  A Method for Estimation of Fractal Dimension of Tree Crowns , 1991 .