Effects of preparation methods of mixed calcium and zinc thermal stabilizers derived from dimer fatty acid and tung-oil based C22 triacid on properties of PVC

Abstract Calcium and zinc salts of dimer fatty acids (DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn) were synthesized using direct neutralization and metathesis technologies, respectively. The adduct of maleic anhydride and methyl eleostearate (MAME) was also converted to the corresponding zinc soap (C22TA-Zn) and calcium soap (C22TA-Ca) by the two different synthetic routes. Mixed Ca/Zn salts between DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn, and between C22TA-Zn and C22TA-Ca were used as thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The PVC thermal stability was determined using Congo red test, discoloration test, torque rheological analysis and TGA. Dynamic mechanical properties were also tested. Results indicated that the DFA-Ca/DFA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization technology was found to be superior to that of the metathesis product. The C22TA-Ca/C22TA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization method had overall superior thermal stability, and displayed modulus and glass transition comparable to that of metathesis product. Direct neutralization method was more excellent and convenient than metathesis technology.

[1]  Jinwen Zhang,et al.  Design of green zinc‐based thermal stabilizers derived from tung oil fatty acid and study of thermal stabilization for PVC , 2017 .

[2]  W. Mao,et al.  A novel liquid Ca/Zn thermal stabilizer synthesized from tung-maleic anhydride and its effects on thermal stability and mechanical properties of PVC , 2016 .

[3]  S. Li,et al.  Mixed calcium and zinc salts of N-(3-amino-benzoic acid)terpene-maleamic acid: preparation and its application as novel thermal stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride) , 2016 .

[4]  E. Sadiku,et al.  Thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride): A review , 2011 .

[5]  郭勇,et al.  Metal lanolin fatty acid as novel thermal stabilizers for rigid poly(vinyl chloride) , 2011 .

[6]  Yihu Song,et al.  Influence of lanthanum stearate as a co-stabilizer on stabilization efficiency of calcium/zinc stabilizers to polyvinyl chloride , 2009 .

[7]  Yongzhong Bao,et al.  Thermal stability, smoke emission and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/hydrotalcite nanocomposites , 2008 .

[8]  Yanbin Liu,et al.  Metal dicarboxylates as thermal stabilizers for PVC , 2007 .

[9]  Shaoyun Guo,et al.  Effect of pentaerythritol and organic tin with calcium/zinc stearates on the stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride) , 2006 .

[10]  Dianqing Li,et al.  Layered and intercalated hydrotalcite-like materials as thermal stabilizers in PVC resin , 2006 .

[11]  Z. Vymazal,et al.  Investigation of thermal stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride) by lead stearate and its combination with synthetic hydrotalcite , 2004 .

[12]  G. Gelbard,et al.  Stabilization of PVC by epoxidized sunflower oil in the presence of zinc and calcium stearates , 2003 .

[13]  Sinan Göktepe,et al.  Synergism of Ca/Zn soaps in poly(vinyl chloride) thermal stability , 2001 .

[14]  I. Klarić,et al.  Effect of Ca/Zn stabiliser on thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene blends , 2001 .

[15]  G. Arias,et al.  Different thermo-oxidative degradation routes in poly(vinyl chloride) , 2001 .

[16]  D. Balköse,et al.  Effects of mixed metal stearates on thermal stability of rigid PVC , 1999 .

[17]  T. Shin,et al.  A new copolymerization process leading to poly(propylene carbonate) with a highly enhanced yield from carbon dioxide and propylene oxide , 1999 .

[18]  Z. Ahmad,et al.  Degradation of PVC: Effect of zinc chloride on the concentration of polyenes , 1996 .

[19]  Jesse Edenbaum Plastics Additives and Modifiers Handbook , 1992 .

[20]  G. Ocskay,et al.  Kinetics of the stabilizing effect of calcium and zinc stearates in the thermal degradation of PVC: Part II , 1989 .

[21]  A. Guyot,et al.  Thermal dehydrochlorination and stabilization of poly(vinylchloride) in solution: Part IV—Synergistic effects of β-diketone compounds and metal soap stabilizers , 1989 .

[22]  I. S. Bhardwaj,et al.  Effect of calcium and zinc carboxylates on the thermal stabilisation of PVC , 1984 .

[23]  A. Michel,et al.  Synergistic mechanisms of β-diketone derivatives and zinc-calcium soaps in PVC stabilisation , 1981 .

[24]  K. B. Abbås,et al.  Heat stabilizers for poly (vinyl chloride). I. Synergistic systems based on calcium/zinc stearate , 1980 .

[25]  B. Turcsányi,et al.  The reinitiation mechanism of HCl catalysis in PVC degradation , 1980 .