Abstract Most structural components collapse in a highly localized mode. Information about the abruptness of the collapse and the stiffness of the collapsed structural component can be of vital interest from a design point of view. A column resting on an elastic-plastic spring foundation is chosen as a representative model, and the analysis is carried out by the finite element method. The objective here is to gain an insight into the mechanics of localized failure, to devise a strategy by which to predict the onset of localized collapse, and to trace the transition from the pre-collapse to post-collapse stages of behaviour. It was found that localization of deformation takes place past the limit point of the nonlocalized response, and that it can be dynamic or gradual under controlled end-shortening. Material softening tends to accentuate the localization.
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