A Review of Hybrid Solar–Fossil Fuel Power Generation Systems and Performance Metrics

A literature review of hybrid solar―fossil fuel power generation is given with an emphasis on system integration and evaluation. Hybrid systems are defined as those which use solar energy and fuel simultaneously, thus excluding the viable alternative of solar thermal plants which use fossil fuels as backup. The review is divided into three main sections: performance metrics, the different concentrated solar receiver technologies and their operating conditions, and the different hybridization schemes. In addition, a new linear combination metric for analysis of hybrid systems, which considers trade-off of different metrics at the fleet level, is presented. This metric is also compared to alternative metrics from multi-objective optimization. Some previous work only evaluates the hybrid cycle at a certain point in time, which can be misleading as this evaluation would not take into account certain aspects of hybrid cycle, such as fluctuating solar supply. Furthermore, almost all previous work designs the hybrid solar―fossil fuel systems for a certain point in time and then evaluates the performance of the system for an entire year. By not taking into account fluctuating solar supply and selling price of electricity in the design of the system, the best possible annual performance of the hybrid cycle may not be reached.

[1]  B L Kistler,et al.  A user's manual for DELSOL3: A computer code for calculating the optical performance and optimal system design for solar thermal central receiver plants , 1986 .

[2]  Eric Arquis,et al.  Thermal energy storage systems for electricity production using solar energy direct steam generation technology , 2008 .

[3]  Noam Lior,et al.  Use of Low/Mid-Temperature Solar Heat for Thermochemical Upgrading of Energy, With Application to a Novel Chemically-Recuperated Gas-Turbine Power Generation (SOLRGT) System , 2009 .

[4]  Doerte Laing,et al.  Solid Media Thermal Storage Development and Analysis of Modular Storage Operation Concepts for Parabolic Trough Power Plants , 2008 .

[5]  Aldo Steinfeld,et al.  The solar thermal gasification of coal — energy conversion efficiency and CO2 mitigation potential , 2003 .

[6]  A. Bejan.  Unification of Three Different Theories Concerning the Ideal Conversion of Enclosed Radiation , 1987 .

[7]  E. Demeo,et al.  Renewable Energy Technology Characterizations , 1997 .

[8]  Alexander Mitsos,et al.  Concentrated solar power on demand , 2011 .

[9]  Torsten Fransson,et al.  A Thermoeconomic Study of Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants , 2011 .

[10]  Alexander Mitsos,et al.  Optimal time-invariant operation of a power and water cogeneration solar-thermal plant , 2011 .

[11]  Aldo Steinfeld,et al.  The solar thermal decarbonization of natural gas , 2001 .

[12]  Yongping Yang,et al.  Research on solar aided coal-fired power generation system and performance analysis , 2008 .

[13]  P. Schwarzbözl,et al.  Solar gas turbine systems: Design, cost and perspectives , 2006 .

[14]  Peter Schwarzbözl,et al.  Solar-Hybrid Gas Turbine-based Power Tower Systems (REFOS)* , 2001 .

[15]  R. Petela.  Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation , 2003 .

[16]  Christian Sattler,et al.  Prospects of solar thermal hydrogen production processes , 2009 .

[17]  Masud Behnia,et al.  Performance evaluation of solar thermal electric generation systems , 2003 .

[18]  Hasbi Yavuz,et al.  Thermal efficiency of a regenerative Brayton cycle with isothermal heat addition , 1999 .

[19]  R. L. Kiang,et al.  Power performance of a nonisentropic Brayton cycle , 1991 .

[20]  Jörg Petrasch,et al.  Hydrogen Production Via the Solar Thermal Decarbonization of Fossil Fuels , 2003 .

[21]  D. Mills.  Advances in solar thermal electricity technology , 2004 .

[22]  A. Steinfeld,et al.  Solar-driven gasification of carbonaceous feedstock-a review , 2011 .

[23]  Henry Price,et al.  SMUD Kokhala power tower study , 1997 .

[24]  Manuel Blanco,et al.  Integration of solar thermal energy in a conventional power plant : The Colón solar project , 1999 .

[25]  Cha'o-Kuang Chen,et al.  Power optimization of an endoreversible regenerative Brayton cycle , 1996 .

[26]  M. Valdés,et al.  Solar multiple optimization for a solar-only thermal power plant, using oil as heat transfer fluid in the parabolic trough collectors , 2009 .

[27]  Hongguang Jin,et al.  A Novel Solar-Hybrid Gas Turbine Combined Cycle With Inherent CO2 Separation Using Chemical-Looping Combustion by Solar Heat Source , 2006 .

[28]  Charles Harman,et al.  The effect of irreversibilities on solar Stirling engine cycle performance , 1999 .

[29]  Keith Lovegrove,et al.  Developing ammonia based thermochemical energy storage for dish power plants , 2003 .

[30]  Ibrahim Dincer,et al.  How much exergy one can obtain from incident solar radiation , 2009 .

[31]  Terry G. Lenz,et al.  Thermal performance of solar concentrator/cavity receiver systems , 1985 .

[32]  Akiba Segal,et al.  Optimized working temperatures of a solar central receiver , 2003 .

[33]  Hongguang Jin,et al.  Solar thermal power cycle with integration of methanol decomposition and middle-temperature solar thermal energy , 2005 .

[34]  Jürgen Rheinländer,et al.  Economic analysis of integrated solar combined cycle power plants , 2004 .

[35]  S. Kalogirou.  Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems , 2009 .

[36]  S. P Sukhatme,et al.  Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage , 2009 .

[37]  N D Mancini,et al.  Conceptual design and analysis of ITM oxy-combustion power cycles. , 2011, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[38]  G. McRae,et al.  Parametric optimization of MILP programs and a framework for the parametric optimization of MINLPs , 1998 .

[39]  Olav Bolland,et al.  A novel methodology for comparing CO2 capture options for natural gas-fired combined cycle plants , 2003 .

[40]  E. Zarza,et al.  INDITEP: The first pre-commercial DSG solar power plant , 2006 .

[41]  Eckhard Lüpfert,et al.  Receiver for solar-hybrid gas turbine and combined cycle systems , 1999 .

[42]  Jian-Bo Yang,et al.  Quantitative parametric connections between methods for generating noninferior solutions in multiobjective optimization , 1999, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[43]  Pyong Sik Pak,et al.  Economic evaluation of solar thermal hybrid H2O turbine power generation systems , 2003 .

[44]  R. Petela.  Exergy of Heat Radiation , 1964 .

[45]  Anke Weidenkaff,et al.  A solar chemical reactor for co-production of zinc and synthesis gas , 1998 .

[46]  David Simms,et al.  An assessment of linear Fresnel lens concentrators for thermal applications , 1987 .

[47]  Pyong Sik Pak,et al.  A hybrid power generation system utilizing solar thermal energy with CO2 recovery based on oxygen combustion method , 1995 .

[48]  Markus Eck,et al.  A direct steam generation solar power plant with integrated thermal storage , 2010 .

[49]  Fausto Cavallaro,et al.  Multi-criteria decision aid to assess concentrated solar thermal technologies , 2009 .

[50]  Antonio L. Avila-Marin,et al.  Volumetric receivers in Solar Thermal Power Plants with Central Receiver System technology: A review , 2011 .

[51]  Manuel Torrilhon,et al.  Heliostat field optimization: A new computationally efficient model and biomimetic layout , 2012 .

[52]  Akiba Segal,et al.  Solar ground reformer , 2003 .

[53]  Manfred Becker,et al.  GAST The Gas-Cooled Solar Tower Technology Program , 1989 .

[54]  Omar H. Al-Sakaf.  Application possibilities of solar thermal power plants in Arab countries , 1998 .

[55]  Gregory J. Kolb,et al.  An Evaluation of Molten-Salt Power Towers Including Results of the Solar Two Project , 2001 .

[56]  Pamela L. Spath,et al.  Assessment of Natural Gas Splitting with a Concentrating Solar Reactor for Hydrogen Production , 2002 .

[57]  François Maréchal,et al.  Evaluation of Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plants in China through Environomic Modeling and Multi-objective Optimization , 2007 .

[58]  Alexander Mitsos,et al.  Optimal Operation of a Concentrated Solar Thermal Cogeneration Plant , 2011 .

[59]  S. D. Oda,et al.  A case study for three combined cycles of a solar-conventional power generation unit , 1988 .

[60]  T. Kodama.  High-temperature solar chemistry for converting solar heat to chemical fuels , 2003 .

[61]  Abraham Kribus,et al.  A solar-driven combined cycle power plant , 1998 .

[62]  Thorsten Denk,et al.  Test and evaluation of a solar powered gas turbine system , 2006 .

[63]  Alexander Mitsos,et al.  Site selection for hillside central receiver solar thermal plants , 2011 .

[64]  Maria Sudiro,et al.  Synthetic Fuels by a Limited CO2 Emission Process Which Uses Both Fossil and Solar Energy , 2007 .

[65]  D. Favrat,et al.  Thermoeconomic Analysis of Advanced Solar-Fossil Combined Power Plants , 2000 .

[66]  Xiaoming Feng,et al.  Getting Smart , 2010, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[67]  G. Morrison,et al.  Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector solar thermal powerplants , 2000 .

[68]  Lingen Chen,et al.  Power optimization of open-cycle regenerator gas-turbine power-plants , 2004 .

[69]  D. Kearney,et al.  Survey of Thermal Energy Storage for Parabolic Trough Power Plants , 2002 .

[70]  Eckhard Lüpfert,et al.  Advances in Parabolic Trough Solar Power Technology , 2002 .

[71]  Mahmood Yaghoubi,et al.  Exergy analysis of an integrated solar combined cycle system , 2010 .

[72]  A. Bejan.  Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics , 1988 .

[73]  L. Harvey,et al.  Solar-hydrogen electricity generation and global CO2 emission reduction , 1996 .

[74]  Lundy Llc,et al.  ASSESSMENT OF CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER TECHNOLOGY COST AND PERFORMANCE FORECASTS , 2005 .

[75]  W. Stein,et al.  Transport and use of solar energy in hydrogen , 2007 .

[76]  Aldo Steinfeld,et al.  Solar hydrogen production by thermal decomposition of natural gas using a vortex-flow reactor , 2004 .

[77]  E. Kakaras,et al.  Combined cycle power plant with integrated low temperature heat (LOTHECO) , 2004 .

[78]  J. A. Dirks,et al.  SOLERGY; A computer code for calculating the annual energy from central receiver power plants , 1987 .

[79]  Reiner Buck,et al.  Solar Upgrading of Fuels for Generation of Electricity , 2001 .

[80]  S. Iniyan,et al.  A review of solar thermal technologies , 2010 .

[81]  Robert Pitz-Paal,et al.  Trough integration into power plants : a study on the performance and economy of integrated solar combined cycle systems , 2004 .

[82]  Nesrin Ozalp,et al.  Solar decomposition of fossil fuels as an option for sustainability , 2009 .

[83]  Uri Fisher,et al.  Gas Turbine “Solarization”-Modifications for Solar/Fuel Hybrid Operation , 2004 .

[84]  Hussain Alrobaei,et al.  Novel integrated gas turbine solar cogeneration power plant , 2008 .

[85]  A. Ghamarian,et al.  Exergy analysis of Illinois No. 6 coal , 1982 .

[86]  Manuel Romero,et al.  An Update on Solar Central Receiver Systems, Projects, and Technologies , 2002 .

[87]  A. Kribus,et al.  Solar hybrid steam injection gas turbine (STIG) cycle , 2012 .

[88]  Ricardo Rivero,et al.  The Exergy of Crude Oil Mixtures and Petroleum Fractions: Calculation and Application , 1999 .

[89]  Simon Harvey,et al.  Thermodynamic analysis of chemically recuperated gas turbines , 2001 .

[90]  S. Jeter.  Maximum conversion efficiency for the utilization of direct solar radiation , 1981 .

[91]  J. Pacheco,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF A MOLTEN-SALT THERMOCLINE THERMAL STORAGE SYSTEM FOR PARABOLIC TROUGH PLANTS , 2001 .