Optical multiplexing technologies for access-area applications

This paper describes optical multiplexing technologies expected to be applied to access-area networks. First, these technologies are broadly categorized into wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA), and possible variants are described in a comparison to time-division multiple access (TDMA). Next, their typical performances reported so far are overviewed in relation to the light sources utilized. While it is well known that WDM/OCDMA exhibits higher performance with laser sources, it is pointed that WDM/OCDMA with incoherent light sources are interesting alternatives for access-area applications. Two multiplexing methods that use incoherent light sources are introduced in more detail; one is spectrum-sliced WDM and the other is coherence-multiplexed CDMA. After the introduction of transmission experiments, their performance limitations are discussed

[1]  Jung-Hee Han,et al.  Transmission of 4 x 2.5-Gb/s spectrum-sliced incoherent light channels over 240 km of dispersion-shifted fiber with 200-GHz channel spacing , 1999 .

[2]  Yun Chur Chung,et al.  Spectrum-sliced bidirectional WDM PON , 2000, Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Technical Digest Postconference Edition. Trends in Optics and Photonics Vol.37 (IEEE Cat. No. 00CH37079).

[3]  Thomas Pfeiffer,et al.  High speed optical network for asynchronous multiuser access applying periodic spectral coding of broadband sources , 1997 .

[4]  A.M. Weiner,et al.  Performance comparison of coherent ultrashort light pulse and incoherent broad-band CDMA systems , 1999, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[5]  G.H.L.M. Heideman,et al.  Balanced optical phase diversity receivers for coherence multiplexing , 2004, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[6]  Mikitaka Itoh,et al.  Encoder/decoder on planar lightwave circuit for time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical CDMA , 2002, Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit.

[7]  Katsumi Iwatsuki,et al.  A simple broad-band coherence multiplexed optical access network and its scalability , 2001 .

[8]  David D. Sampson,et al.  Capacity of coherence multiplexed CDMA networks , 1996, Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics.

[9]  V.J. Hernandez,et al.  An eight-user time-slotted SPECTS O-CDMA testbed: demonstration and simulations , 2005, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[10]  J. Kissing,et al.  Coarse WDM/CDM/TDM concept for optical packet transmission in metropolitan and access networks supporting 400 channels at 2.5 Gb/s peak rate , 2000, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[11]  Chang-Hee Lee,et al.  Fiber-to-the-home services based on wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network , 2004 .

[12]  K. Kumozaki,et al.  A 10-Gbit/s CMOS-burst-mode clock and data recovery IC for a WDM/TDM-PON access network , 2004, The 17th Annual Meeting of the IEEELasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2004. LEOS 2004..

[13]  H. Takahashi,et al.  Athermal silica-based arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers with new low loss groove design , 1999, OFC/IOOC . Technical Digest. Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 1999, and the International Conference on Integrated Optics and Optical Fiber Communication.

[14]  T. Kominato,et al.  High-density integrated 1/spl times/16 optical FDM multi/demultiplexer , 1994, Proceedings of LEOS'94.

[15]  J.S. Lee,et al.  Spectrum-sliced fiber amplifier light source for multichannel WDM applications , 1993, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[16]  W. Chujo,et al.  Highly spectral-efficient optical code-division multiplexing transmission system , 2004, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[17]  M. Fujiwara,et al.  12.5 GHz spaced 1.28 Tb/s (512-channel x 2.5 Gb/s) super-dense WDM transmission over 320 km SMF using multiwavelength generation technique , 2002, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[18]  Edward H. Sargent,et al.  The role of optical CDMA in access networks , 2002 .

[19]  G. Agrawal.  Fiber‐Optic Communication Systems , 2021 .

[20]  Junichi Kani,et al.  A WDM-based optical access network for wide-area gigabit access services , 2003, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[21]  M.J.L. Cahill,et al.  Hybrid coherence multiplexing/coarse wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network for customer access , 1997, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[22]  K. Fukuchi,et al.  10.92-Tb/s (273/spl times/40-Gb/s) triple-band/ultra-dense WDM optical-repeatered transmission experiment , 2001, OFC 2001. Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit. Technical Digest Postconference Edition (IEEE Cat. 01CH37171).

[23]  An LiNbO/sub 3/ integrated coherence modulator , 1992 .

[24]  N. S. Bergano,et al.  Margin measurements in optical amplifier system , 1993, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[25]  A. Ohki,et al.  Design and demonstration of Gigabit spectrum-sliced WDM systems employing directly modulated super luminescent diodes , 2005, OFC/NFOEC Technical Digest. Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2005..

[26]  Wei Cong,et al.  High performance 70 Gbit/s SPECTS optical-CDMA network testbed , 2004 .

[28]  Jun-ichi Kani,et al.  Scalability of spectrum-sliced DWDM transmission and its expansion using forward error correction , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[29]  V.J. Hernandez,et al.  Bit-error-rate analysis of a 16-user gigabit ethernet optical-CDMA (O-CDMA) technology demonstrator using wavelength/time codes , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[30]  David Payne,et al.  TPON-a passive optical network for telephony , 1988 .

[31]  Katsumi Iwatsuki,et al.  Super-dense WDM transmission of spectrum-sliced incoherent light for wide-area access network , 2003 .