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1,257,095. Boots &c. KANEGAFUCHI BOSEKI K.K. 28 July, 1969 [27 July, 1968], No. 37832/69. Heading A3B. [Also in Divisions B2 and Dl] The insole, toe lining, quarter lining, heel pad or sole pad of a shoe is made from a leather-like sheet material produced by impregnating a fabric with an aqueous solution containing a water soluble polyvinyl acetal and an aldehyde, heating the impregnated fabric at 50-130‹C. to insolubilize the polyvinyl acetal, to give a microporous and waterinsoluble polyvinyl acetal resin adhering to and covering the structural fibres of the fabric as a unitary three dimensional network, impregnating the fabric with an emulsion or solution of at least one resin other than polyvinyl acetal resin and curing the resin impregnated fabric by heating to 50‹-180‹C. The fabric may be a non-woven fabric, pile fabric with projecting filaments or a napped fabric and may be made from cotton, silk, wool, cellulose acetate, viscose rayon, cupra, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride or polyolefin fibres. The polyvinyl acetal used may be produced by the reaction of polyvinyl alcohol with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butylaldehyde, glyoxal or benzaldehyde and may have a degree of acetalization of 10-30 mole %. The solution of polyvinyl acetal which may also contain an acetalization catalyst, e.g. an acid or salt thereof, a pore forming agent, e.g. starch or dextrin, or a colouring agent, may be applied by pad-squeezing, doctor coating, roll coating, brush coating or spraying from one or both sides of the fabric. The fabric may then be heated, e.g. by dry heat or steam, to promote acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal, e.g. to a degree of acetalization of 30-85 mole %. The product may then be buffed or abraded or sliced or pressed to the required thickness, and then treated with the other resin which may be a polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, styrene/butadiene or nitrile/butadiene rubber, natural rubber, urea-, melamine- or phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate or polyvinyl chloride. The other resin is applied in the form of an emulsion or aqueous or organic solvent solution which may also contain plasticisers, e.g. butyl lauryl phthalate, butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate, dibutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, ethylene glycol and glycerine, condensation catalysts, e.g. hydrochloric acid salts of organic amines, magnesium chloride, zinc nitrate, ammonium chloride and primary ammonium phosphates, colouring agents, softening agents and hardening agents. Curing may be effected on a cylinder heating apparatus or by compression by and between two hot plates under a pressure of 3-20 Kg/cm 2 . The product may then be coated with a liquid containing at least one natural or synthetic resin, e.g. a polyurethane, polyamide, vinyl polymer, styrene/butadiene or nylon/butadiene rubber, cellulose acetate or nitrate or natural rubber on at least one surface to form a grain side layer thereon.