Influence of Mechanical Activation on the Formation of Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) at Lower Temperature

Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is an important material which require high temperature of 1600°C in its solid-state reaction. To lower this temperature, mechanical activation process has applied to the system which make the crystal arrangement broken thus make it more reactive. This process results in homogeneous and fine particle distribution of Al2O3 and Y2O3 compared to manually mixed powders. Moreover, milling process also reduce the particle size of the Al2O3 and Y2O3 from 4694 nm and 349 nm down to 274 nm. This also lessen the crystallite size of Al2O3 and Y2O3 from 1010 and 164 Å to 310 and 50 Å respectively. Then, after calcination at 1100°C, the milled powders form YAG phase in the opposite of manually mixed powders which form YAM phase. YAG formed have nearly round shape with finer grain compared to manually mixed powders which still has large grain of Al2O3 and Y2O3. This formation temperature is much lower than the require conventional solid-state reaction.