Synthesis and characterization of spent alumina catalyst and grinding sludge reinforced aluminium-based composite material

In this investigation, an attempt has been made to use the waste material in the fabrication of aluminium-based composite material. Waste spent alumina catalyst (SAC) generated from oil refinery industries has been considered as primary reinforcement particle. Waste grinding sludge (GS) produced from iron forging industry was used as secondary reinforcement material in the preparation of composite. Further, chromium (Cr) has been added to SAC and grinding sludge (GS) reinforced aluminium-based composite material to prevent grain growth as well as to control the grain structure of composite material. Experimental results concluded that by adding 4.5% of GS and SAC with 1.5% Cr in aluminium alloy, mechanical properties such as hardness, compressive strength and tensile strength were significantly improved. Hardness compressive strength and tensile strength was increased by 40.06%, 7.24% and 18.86%, respectively, with respect to the aluminium alloy. However, the reduction in toughness was observed. SEM results depicted uniform distribution of SAC and GS particles in Al/4.5% SAC/4.5% GS/1.5% Cr composite. Thermal expansion behaviour and corrosion weight loss of composite have been also investigated to observe the influence of reinforcement in the aluminium alloy.

[1]  Francis Edoziuno,et al.  Mechanical and microstructural characteristics of Aluminium 6063 Alloy/Palm Kernel shell composites for lightweight applications , 2021, Scientific African.

[2]  Shubham Sharma,et al.  Influence of Nano-CuO on Synthesis and Mechanical Behavior of Spent Alumina Catalyst and Grinding Sludge Reinforced Aluminum Based Composite , 2021, International Journal of Metalcasting.

[3]  Nitla Stanley Ebenezer,et al.  Corrosion Behaviour of Bamboo Leaf Ash-Reinforced Nickel Surface-Deposited Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites , 2021, Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion.

[4]  S. Dwivedi,et al.  Synthesis and Mechanical Behavior of Ball-Milled Agro-Waste RHA and Eggshell Reinforced Composite Material , 2021 .

[5]  A. Kumar,et al.  Studies on Egg Shell and SiC Reinforced Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite for Tribological Applications , 2021, Silicon.

[6]  A. Kumaraswamy,et al.  Synthesis and characterisation of waste SAC- and RHA-reinforced aluminium-based composite , 2021 .

[7]  Nitla Stanley Ebenezer,et al.  Effect of Heat Treatment on the Damping Characteristics of Ni Surface-Deposited Agro Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites , 2021, Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals.

[8]  Shubham Sharma,et al.  Influence of SAC and eggshell addition in the physical, mechanical and thermal behaviour of Cr reinforced aluminium based composite , 2021 .

[9]  E. Akinlabi,et al.  Microstructural characteristics and mechanical behaviour of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with Si-based refractory compounds derived from rice husk , 2021, Cogent Engineering.

[10]  S. Bhattacharyya,et al.  Fabrication characteristics and mechanical behaviour of aluminium alloy reinforced with Al2O3 and coconut shell particles synthesized by stir casting , 2021 .

[11]  D. Sreeramulu,et al.  Fabrication and Evaluation of Optimized Parametric Condition During EDM Machining of Al-CSA Composite Using Taguchi Orthogonal Array , 2021 .

[12]  A. K. Birru,et al.  EDM machining characteristics of bamboo leaf ash and alumina reinforced aluminum hybrid metal matrix composite using Multi-response optimization by grey relational analysis , 2021 .

[13]  R. Kothari,et al.  Fungal bioleaching of metals from refinery spent catalysts: A critical review of current research, challenges, and future directions. , 2020, Journal of environmental management.

[14]  M. Vignesh,et al.  Study of the mechanical properties of Al7075 alloy, silicon carbide and fly ash composites manufactured by stir casting technique , 2020 .

[15]  C. Baudín,et al.  The potential of La-containing spent catalysts from fluid catalytic cracking as feedstock of mullite based refractories , 2020 .

[16]  S. Jannet,et al.  Effect of egg shell powder on the mechanical and microstructure properties of AA 2024 metal matrix composite , 2020 .

[17]  S. Weber,et al.  Development of a recycling strategy for grinding sludge using supersolidus liquid phase sintering , 2020 .

[18]  R. Elansezhian,et al.  Influence of dual reinforcement (nano CuO + reused spent alumina catalyst) on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composite , 2020 .

[19]  R. Sanjeevi,et al.  Investigations on egg shell powder and glass fiber reinforced aluminium matrix composite , 2020 .

[20]  Shaun S Kumar,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of ball-milled eggshell and Al2O3 reinforced hybrid green composite material , 2020, Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals.

[21]  Pardeep Sharma,et al.  Utilization of waste spent alumina catalyst and agro-waste rice husk ash as reinforcement materials with scrap aluminium alloy wheel matrix , 2020, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering.

[22]  S. Dwivedi,et al.  Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Al/SiC/Agro-Waste RHA Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite , 2020 .

[23]  N. S. Sivakumar,et al.  Investigation of A413 alloy with reinforcement of SiC and flyash hybrid composites by stir cast cum forged process on electric vehicle In-wheel motor casing , 2020 .

[24]  M. Ismail,et al.  Properties of concrete containing electric arc furnace steel slag and steel sludge , 2020 .

[25]  C. C. Nwobi-Okoye,et al.  RSM and ANN modeling for production of Al 6351/ egg shell reinforced composite: Multi objective optimization using genetic algorithm , 2020 .

[26]  R. Elansezhian,et al.  Enhancement of mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composite by reinforcing waste alumina catalyst and nano Al2O3 , 2020 .

[27]  A. Pandey,et al.  Microstructural, physical and mechanical characterization of grinding sludge based aluminium metal matrix composite , 2020 .

[28]  Praveen Kumar Bannaravuri,et al.  Effect on corrosion behaviour of the surface of aluminium 4.5 Cu with bamboo leaf ash composites by laser treatment , 2020, Materials Research Express.

[29]  Kang Chen,et al.  Effect of Er on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 5052 Aluminum Alloy with Big Width-To-Thickness Ratio , 2020, Materials.

[30]  J. Ravikumar,et al.  Influence in Mechanical Properties of Stir Cast Aluminium (AA6061) Hybrid Metal matrix Composite (HMMC) with Silicon Carbide, Fly Ash and Coconut coir Ash Reinforcement , 2020 .

[31]  R. S. Walia,et al.  Microstructure and Wear Study of Al 7075-T6/Eggshell/SiC/Al2O3 Hybrid Composites , 2020 .

[32]  M. Bañares,et al.  Effect of oxygen addition, reaction temperature and thermal treatments on syngas production from biogas combined reforming using Rh/alumina catalysts , 2019 .

[33]  M. Maurya,et al.  Effect of Uncarbonized Eggshell Weight Percentage on Mechanical Properties of Composite Material Developed by Electromagnetic Stir Casting Technique , 2019, Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés.

[34]  John Victor Christy,et al.  Production of aluminum alloy-based metal matrix composites using scrap aluminum alloy and waste materials: Influence on microstructure and mechanical properties , 2019, Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

[35]  Fernando Fraternali,et al.  Metal matrix composite from recycled materials by using additive manufacturing assisted investment casting , 2019, Composite Structures.

[36]  A. Lechkar,et al.  Methanation of carbon dioxide over ceria-praseodymia promoted Ni-alumina catalysts. Influence of metal loading, promoter composition and alumina modifier , 2018, Fuel.

[37]  M. Hasegawa,et al.  Ligand-immobilized spent alumina catalyst for effective removal of heavy metal ions from model contaminated water , 2018, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.

[38]  E. López,et al.  Solid-state synthesis of mullite from spent catalysts for manufacturing refractory brick coatings , 2018 .

[39]  S. Khumkoa,et al.  Selective Extraction and Recovery of Rare Earth Metals (REMs) from NdFeB Magnet Grinding Sludge , 2018 .

[40]  K. Okada,et al.  Simultaneous removal of NH4+, H2PO4− and Ni2+ from aqueous solution by thermally activated combinations of steel converter slag and spent alumina catalyst , 2015 .

[41]  M. Omidkhah,et al.  Platinum recovery from model media and a Pt–Sn/alumina spent catalyst extract using corn husk-based adsorbent , 2015 .

[42]  P. Kulkarni.  Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of AL 2024 Based Hybrid Metal Composites , 2015 .

[43]  A. T. Tsyrkin,et al.  Powder produced from steel 40Kh10S2M grinding sludge , 2007 .

[44]  Toru Shimizu,et al.  Recycling of Stainless Steel Grinding Sludge , 2007 .

[45]  M. Matthews,et al.  Separation Processes for Recovering Alloy Steels from Grinding Sludge: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and Aqueous Cleaning , 1999 .

[46]  Yu. V. Levinskii,et al.  Extraction of tungsten and molybdenum from grinding sludge of high-speed tool steels , 1988 .