4-ary PAM signaling for increasing the capacity of metro light-wave systems

We investigated both experimentally and by simulation, non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) 4-ary PAM operating at 20 Gb/s. A simple scheme to realize the quadratic signal leveling by suitably driving a MZ modulator is proposed, which provides greater than 6 dB improvement in receiver sensitivity as compared to equal level spacing. We experimentally demonstrated NRZ and RZ 10 Gbaud/s 4-ARY PAM transmissions over an 80 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) link as a proof of concept and more detailed experimental results over longer reach will follow. Numerical simulations for the 4-ary PAM performance over longer distances (>200 km) are also presented.