A methodology to perform online self-testing for field-programmable analog array circuits

This paper presents a methodology to perform online self-testing for analog circuits implemented on field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs). It proposes to partition the FPAA circuit under test into subcircuits. Each subcircuit is tested by replicating the subcircuit with programmable resources on the FPAA chip, and comparing the outputs of the subcircuit and its replication. To effectively implement the proposed methodology, this paper proposes a simple circuit partition method and develops techniques to address circuit stability problems that are often encountered in the proposed testing method. Furthermore, error sources in the proposed testing circuit are studied and methods to improve the accuracy of testing results are presented. Finally, experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methodology.

[1]  Abhijit Chatterjee,et al.  Checksum-based concurrent error detection in linear analog systems with second and higher order stages , 1992, Digest of Papers. 1992 IEEE VLSI Test Symposium.

[2]  Michael Nicolaidis,et al.  On-line BIST for testing analog circuits , 1999, Proceedings 1999 IEEE International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors (Cat. No.99CB37040).

[3]  D. Vazquez,et al.  A high-Q bandpass fully differential SC filter with enhanced testability , 1997, Proceedings of the 23rd European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[4]  C.F. Hawkins,et al.  The economics of guardband placement , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE International Test Conference - (ITC).

[5]  Marcelo Lubaszewski,et al.  Built-in self-test of global interconnects of field programmable analog arrays , 2005, Microelectron. J..

[6]  Chin-Long Wey,et al.  Test generation and concurrent error detection in current-mode A/D converters , 1995, IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst..

[7]  Luigi Carro,et al.  A statistical sampler for a new on-line analog test method , 2002, Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International On-Line Testing Workshop (IOLTW 2002).

[8]  Haibo Wang,et al.  On-line testing field programmable analog array circuits , 2004, 2004 International Conferce on Test.

[9]  Osama K. Abu-Shahla,et al.  An on-line self-testing switched-current integrator , 1997, Proceedings International Test Conference 1997.

[10]  Abhijit Chatterjee,et al.  Optimal design of checksum-based checkers for fault detection in linear analog circuits , 1997, Proceedings Tenth International Conference on VLSI Design.

[11]  D. Vazquez,et al.  Testable Switched-Capacitor Filters , 1992, ESSCIRC '92: Eighteenth European Solid-State Circuits conference.

[12]  M. Mar,et al.  An architecture for a configurable mixed-signal device , 2003 .

[13]  Ian Macbeth,et al.  DPAD2—A Field Programmable Analog Array , 1998 .

[14]  Diego Vázquez,et al.  A solution for the on-line test of analog ladder filters , 1995, Proceedings 13th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium.

[15]  Chin-Long Wey,et al.  TEST GENERATION AND CONCURIPENT ERROR DETECTION IN CURRENT-MODE A/D CONVERTERS , 1992, Proceedings International Test Conference 1992.

[16]  Salvador Mir,et al.  Design of self-checking fully differential circuits and boards , 2000, IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. Syst..

[17]  Sundaram Natarajan Theory and Design of Linear Active Networks , 1987 .

[18]  Luigi Carro,et al.  A new adaptive analog test and diagnosis system , 2000, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[19]  C. Stroud,et al.  Fault injection emulation for field programmable analog arrays , 2003, Southwest Symposium on Mixed-Signal Design, 2003..

[20]  Paul Mullenix The capability of capability indices with an application to guardbanding in a test environment , 1990, Proceedings. International Test Conference 1990.

[21]  Bapiraju Vinnakota,et al.  The design of analog self-checking circuits , 1994, Proceedings of 7th International Conference on VLSI Design.

[22]  Dean R. D'Mello,et al.  Design Approaches to Field-Programmable Analog Integrated Circuits , 1998 .

[23]  Vu Duong,et al.  Experimental results in evolutionary fault-recovery for field programmable analog devices , 2003, NASA/DoD Conference on Evolvable Hardware, 2003. Proceedings..

[24]  Jaime Velasco-Medina,et al.  An approach to the on-line testing of operational amplifiers , 1998, Proceedings Seventh Asian Test Symposium (ATS'98) (Cat. No.98TB100259).

[25]  Antonio Andrade,et al.  An approach to the built-in self-test of field programmable analog arrays , 2004, 22nd IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, 2004. Proceedings..

[26]  Marek Wojcikowski,et al.  A field programmable analog array for CMOS continuous-time OTA-C filter applications , 2002 .