Generation and transfer of knowledge in IT-related SMEs

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the generation and transfer of knowledge in information technology‐related small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approach – Based on a survey of 105 employees from 30 organizations in Barcelona, Spain, the authors use a structural equation approach to validate the conceptual model.Findings – Personal motivation and the opportunity to learn from other employees are critical to generate knowledge. The attitudes and abilities of those who take part in the transfer process are also relevant, and this is especially true in cases when knowledge is highly tacit. Personal development is one example of knowledge‐based organizational and social development.Practical implications – The results point to the importance of the roles of managers and employees as bearers of initiative, voluntary effort and commitment. At the same time, they suggest that the firm's strategic planning process should include the knowledge to be transferred.Originality/value ...

[1]  Daniel A. Levinthal,et al.  ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION , 1990 .

[2]  María Angeles Cea D'Ancona Análisis multivariable: teoría y práctica en la investigación social , 2002 .

[3]  I. Nonaka,et al.  The Knowledge Creating Company , 2008 .

[4]  Gabriel Szulanski Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm , 1996 .

[5]  E. Autio,et al.  SOCIAL CAPITAL, KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION, AND KNOWLEDGE EXPLOITATION IN YOUNG TECHNOLOGY-BASED FIRMS , 2001 .

[6]  M. Gordon,et al.  PUBLICATION RECORDS AND TENURE DECISIONS IN THE FIELD OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT , 1996 .

[7]  Rodney McAdam,et al.  SME and large organisation perceptions of knowledge management: comparisons and contrasts , 2001, J. Knowl. Manag..

[8]  Bernard L. Simonin Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances , 1999 .

[9]  Atul Nerkar,et al.  Old Is Gold? The Value of Temporal Exploration in the Creation of New Knowledge , 2003, Manag. Sci..

[10]  R. Grant Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm,” Strategic Management Journal (17), pp. , 1996 .

[11]  Zapata Cantú,et al.  Los Determinantes de la Generación y la Transferencia del Conocimiento en Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas del Sector de las Tecnologías de la Información de Barcelona , 2004 .

[12]  B. Kogut,et al.  Exploring internal stickiness : Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm , 2007 .

[13]  Edward G. Carmines,et al.  Measurement in the Social Sciences: The Link Between Theory and Data , 1980, American Political Science Review.

[14]  Jacobo Ramirez,et al.  Introducing the impact of technology: a ‘neo-contingency’ HRM Anglo-French comparison , 2007 .

[15]  B. Kogut,et al.  Knowledge and the Speed of the Transfer and Imitation of Organizational Capabilities: An Empirical Test , 1995 .

[16]  R. Bagozzi,et al.  On the evaluation of structural equation models , 1988 .

[17]  Ari Jantunen,et al.  Managing knowledge creation and sharing - scenarios and dynamic capabilities in inter-industrial knowledge networks , 2004, J. Knowl. Manag..

[18]  Christine W. Soo,et al.  Knowledge Management: Philosophy, Processes, and Pitfalls , 2002 .

[19]  Eric von Hippel,et al.  Locating Adaptive Learning: The Situated Nature of Adaptive Learning in Organizations , 1997 .

[20]  Jonathon N. Cummings Work Groups, Structural Diversity, and Knowledge Sharing in a Global Organization , 2004, Manag. Sci..

[21]  D. Teece,et al.  DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT , 1997 .

[22]  I. Nonaka,et al.  Making the Most of Your Company's Knowledge: A Strategic Framework , 2001 .

[23]  Luk N. Van Wassenhove,et al.  Creating and Transferring Knowledge for Productivity Improvement in Factories , 2001, Manag. Sci..

[24]  I. Nonaka,et al.  A firm as a knowledge-creating entity: a new perspective on the theory of the firm , 2000 .

[25]  Robert M. Grant,et al.  The knowledge-based view of the firm: Implications for management practice , 1997 .

[26]  B. Kogut,et al.  Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology , 1992 .

[27]  D. Teece Knowledge and Competence as Strategic Assets , 2004 .

[28]  J. Barney Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage , 1991 .

[29]  Elaine Aspinwall,et al.  An empirical study of the important factors for knowledge-management adoption in the SME sector , 2005, J. Knowl. Manag..

[30]  Francisco Javier Carrillo,et al.  Capital systems: implications for a global knowledge agenda , 2002, J. Knowl. Manag..

[31]  Celia Zárraga,et al.  Factors favoring knowledge management in work teams , 2003, J. Knowl. Manag..

[32]  Kostas S. Metaxiotis,et al.  Knowledge cities: the answer to the needs of knowledge‐based development , 2006 .

[33]  R. Veliyath Hypercompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering , 1996 .

[34]  Carla O'Dell,et al.  If Only We Knew What We Know: Identification and Transfer of Internal Best Practices , 1998 .

[35]  S. Winter,et al.  An evolutionary theory of economic change , 1983 .

[36]  R. Ruggles The State of the Notion: Knowledge Management in Practice , 1998 .

[37]  R. Reed,et al.  Causal Ambiguity, Barriers to Imitation, and Sustainable Competitive Advantage , 1990 .

[38]  Max Boisot,et al.  Strategies for managing knowledge assets: a tale of two companies , 1998 .

[39]  L. Prusak Knowledge in organizations , 1997 .

[40]  M. Polanyi,et al.  Personal Knowledge: Towards a post-critical philosophy , 1959 .

[41]  R. Peterson A Meta-analysis of Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha , 1994 .