Energy-efficient vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for "green" data and computer communication

Record energy-efficient oxide-confined 850-nm single mode and quasi-single mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for optical interconnects are presented. Error-free performance at 17 Gb/s is achieved with record-low dissipated power of only 69 fJ/bit. The total energy consumption is only 93 fJ/bit. Transmission lengths up to 1 km of multimode optical fiber were achieved. Our commercial quasi-single mode devices achieve error-free operation at 25 Gb/s across up to 303 m of multimode fiber. To date our VCSELs are the most energy-efficient directly modulated light-sources at any wavelength for data transmission across all distances up to 1 km of multimode optical fiber.

[1]  Mikhail V. Maximov,et al.  Oxide-confined 850 nm VCSELs operating at bit rates up to 40 Gbit/s , 2009 .

[2]  Gerrit Fiol,et al.  Multimode optical fibre communication at 25 Gbit/s over 300 m with small spectral-width 850 nm VCSELS , 2011 .

[3]  David A. B. Miller,et al.  Device Requirements for Optical Interconnects to Silicon Chips , 2009, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[4]  A. J. Ritger,et al.  Long distance (2.8 km), short wavelength (0.85 µm) data transmission at 10Gb/sec over new generation high bandwidth multimode fiber , 2000, CLEO 2000.

[5]  L. Coldren,et al.  Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits , 1995 .

[6]  P. Moser,et al.  81 fJ/bit energy-to-data ratio of 850 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for optical interconnects , 2011 .

[7]  P. Moser,et al.  99 fJ/(bit$\cdot$ km) Energy to Data-Distance Ratio at 17 Gb/s Across 1 km of Multimode Optical Fiber With 850-nm Single-Mode VCSELs , 2012, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[8]  Laurent Schares,et al.  Optical interconnects in exascale supercomputers , 2010 .

[9]  A. Kasukawa,et al.  Recorded Low Power Dissipation in Highly Reliable 1060-nm VCSELs for “Green” Optical Interconnection , 2011, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[10]  Daniel M. Kuchta,et al.  15.6-Gb/s transmission over 1 km of next generation multimode fiber , 2002 .

[11]  F.-M. Kuo,et al.  Oxide-relief vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with extremely high data-rate/power-dissipation ratios , 2011, 2011 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference.