Human Infections with Novel Reassortant Influenza A(H3N2)v Viruses, United States, 2011

During July–December 2011, a variant virus, influenza A(H3N2)v, caused 12 human cases of influenza. The virus contained genes originating from swine, avian, and human viruses, including the M gene from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. Influenza A(H3N2)v viruses were antigenically distinct from seasonal influenza viruses and similar to proposed vaccine virus A/Minnesota/11/2010.

[1]  Limited human-to-human transmission of novel influenza A (H3N2) virus--Iowa, November 2011. , 2011, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[2]  Amanda Balish,et al.  Genetic analysis and antigenic characterization of swine origin influenza viruses isolated from humans in the United States, 1990-2010. , 2012, Virology.

[3]  R. Webby,et al.  Multiple Reassortment between Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and Endemic Influenza Viruses in Pigs, United States , 2011, Emerging Infectious Diseases.

[4]  Amanda Balish,et al.  Triple-reassortant swine influenza A (H1) in humans in the United States, 2005-2009. , 2009, The New England journal of medicine.

[5]  Mariette F. Ducatez,et al.  Multiple reassortment between pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and endemic influenza viruses in pigs, United States. , 2011, Emerging infectious diseases.

[6]  Antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H5N1)and influenza A(H9N2) viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines. , 2010, Releve epidemiologique hebdomadaire.

[7]  N. Khardori,et al.  Triple-Reassortant Swine Influenza A (H1) in Humans in the United States, 2005–2009 , 2009 .

[8]  Swine Influenza Virus A (H3N2) Infection in Human, Kansas, USA, 2009 , 2011, Emerging Infectious Diseases.

[9]  Gavin J. D. Smith,et al.  Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic , 2009, Nature.

[10]  Gregory C Gray,et al.  Cases of swine influenza in humans: a review of the literature. , 2007, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[11]  J. P. Davis,et al.  Human Case of Swine Influenza A (H1N1) Triple Reassortant Virus Infection, Wisconsin , 2008, Emerging infectious diseases.

[12]  Ron A M Fouchier,et al.  Antigenic and Genetic Characteristics of Swine-Origin 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Viruses Circulating in Humans , 2009, Science.