Serological markers of hepatitis B and C in patients with HIV/AIDS and active tuberculosis

Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C virus (HCV) are common in patients with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB). This is a cross‐sectional study with patients infected with HIV/AIDS and active TB in Recife, Brazil, aiming to verify the prevalence of markers for HBV: antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc); and HCV: antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) by chemiluminescence, and to identify the frequency of associated factors. Data were collected through questionnaires, and blood was drawn from patients for analysis. We used the chi‐square test and the Fisher exact test when necessary. We conducted a bivariate logistic regression analysis and the magnitude of the associations was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with a confidence interval of 95%. Among 166 patients studied with HIV/AIDS and active TB, anti‐HBc was positive in 61 patients [36.7%; 95%CI (29.4–44.6%)] and anti‐HCV in 11[6.6%; 95%CI (3.4–11.5%)]. In the logistic regression analysis, male sex, and age ≥40 years were independent factors associated with the occurrence of anti‐HBc. In conclusion, we verified a high frequency of HBV contact marker and a low frequency of HCV markers in patients with HIV/AIDS and TB in Recife. J. Med. Virol. 88:996–1002, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

[1]  C. Spada,et al.  The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection markers and socio-demographic risk factors in HIV-infected patients in Southern Brazil. , 2014, Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical.

[2]  S. Teles,et al.  Prevalence, risk factors and genotypes of hepatitis B infection among HIV-infected patients in the State of MS, Central Brazil , 2014, The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases.

[3]  S. Lewin,et al.  The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease , 2013, The Lancet.

[4]  S. Chakrabarti,et al.  Occult HBV infection among anti-HBc positive HIV-infected patients in apex referral centre, Eastern India. , 2012, Annals of hepatology.

[5]  D. Coelho,et al.  Coinfecção pelos vírus das hepatites B ou C e da imunodeficiência adquirida: estudo exploratório no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2007 a 2010 , 2012 .

[6]  S. Teles,et al.  Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among tuberculosis patients with or without HIV in Goiânia City, Brazil. , 2012, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

[7]  S. Bonovas,et al.  Recent advances in the treatment of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infection. , 2012, Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry.

[8]  S. Eholie,et al.  Prevalence and virological profiles of hepatitis B infection in human immunodeficiency virus patients. , 2012, World journal of hepatology.

[9]  A. Lloyd,et al.  Alterations in Immune Function are Associated with Liver Enzyme Elevation in HIV and HCV Co-infection after Commencement of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy , 2011, Journal of Clinical Immunology.

[10]  E. Operskalski,et al.  HIV/HCV Co-infection: Pathogenesis, Clinical Complications, Treatment, and New Therapeutic Technologies , 2011, Current HIV/AIDS reports.

[11]  M. Turchi,et al.  Methodology of a nationwide cross-sectional survey of prevalence and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis A, B and C infection in Brazil. , 2010, Cadernos de saude publica.

[12]  Sarman Singh,et al.  Occult Hepatitis B Virus infection in ART-Naive HIV-Infected Patients seen at a Tertiary Care Centre in North India , 2010, BMC infectious diseases.

[13]  H. R. Melo,et al.  [HIV/HCV coinfection at an university hospital in Recife, Brazil]. , 2009, Revista de saude publica.

[14]  M. Buendia,et al.  Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection. , 2008, Journal of hepatology.

[15]  F. Fuchs,et al.  Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in individuals infected with the HIV. , 2008, Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver.

[16]  A. J. van der Ven,et al.  Antituberculosis drug‐induced hepatotoxicity: Concise up‐to‐date review , 2008, Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.

[17]  Colin W Shepard,et al.  Hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology and vaccination. , 2006, Epidemiologic reviews.

[18]  R. Bruno,et al.  Hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-infected patients: epidemiological features, clinical presentation and outcome , 2004, AIDS.

[19]  M. G. Souza,et al.  Co-infecção HIV e vírus da hepatite B: prevalência e fatores de risco , 2004 .

[20]  S. A. Gomes,et al.  Frequent Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 , 2003, European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

[21]  R. Chaisson,et al.  Hepatotoxicity associated with nevirapine or efavirenz‐containing antiretroviral therapy: Role of hepatitis C and B infections , 2002, Hepatology.

[22]  A. Barone,et al.  Prevalence of hepatitis B and C in the sera of patients with HIV infection in São Paulo, Brazil. , 2000, Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo.

[23]  L. Gabbasova,et al.  Global tuberculosis report (2014) , 2014 .

[24]  M. Alter,et al.  Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection. , 2006, Journal of hepatology.

[25]  C. Horn,et al.  High prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among tuberculosis patients with and without HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , 2004, European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

[26]  L. E. Esmeraldino,et al.  [HIV and hepatitis B virus co-infection: prevalence and risk factors]. , 2004, Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical.