Hierarchical Routing in Large Wireless Sensor Networks Using a Combination of LPA * and Fuzzy Algorithms

This paper presents a new routing method that increases the network life by combining the fuzzy approach with the A-star algorithm. This algorithm determines the optimal path from source to destination based on maximum battery energy, minimum number of jumps and minimum traffic loads. Due to the limitations of network-aware algorithms for storing the entire grid data in each node’s memory, a new clustering strategy has been used. This clustering method identifies the paths that have more densities of the nodes, and we consider them as spinal cords, and so we call it the backbone of the network, and we select the cluster selection based on its proximity to the spine. For comparison, the LPA algorithm without clustering and Patil (a clustering method based on the weight distribution criterion that includes node-level parameters, distance to node neighbors, node speed, and time spent) and Mounir (a new clustering combination with Using LEACH and MTE protocols). The simulation results show that the shelf life of the network created by the proposed method can be increased by extending the network and increasing the number of node.