Electro-spun PLA-PEG-yarns for tissue engineering applications

Abstract Electro-spinning is widely used in tissue-engineered applications mostly in form of non-woven structures. The development of e-spun yarn opens the door for textile fabrics which combine the micro to nanoscale dimension of electro-spun filaments with three-dimensional (3D) drapable textile fabrics. Therefore, the aim of the study was the implementation of a process for electro-spun yarns. Polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were spun from chloroform solutions with varying PLA/PEG ratios (100:0, 90:10, 75:25 and 50:50). The yarn samples produced were analyzed regarding their morphology, tensile strength, water uptake and cytocompatibility. It was found that the yarn diameter decreased when the funnel collector rotation was increasd, however, the fiber diameter was not influenced. The tensile strength was also found to be dependent on the PEG content. While samples composed of 100% PLA showed a tensile strength of 2.5±0.7 cN/tex, the tensile strength increased with a decreasing PLA content (PLA 75%/PEG 25%) to 6.2±0.5 cN/tex. The variation of the PEG content also influenced the viscosity of the spinning solutions. The investigation of the cytocompatibility with endothelial cells was conducted for PLA/PEG 90:10 and 75:25 and indicated that the samples are cytocompatible.

[1]  Tong Lin,et al.  Online stretching of directly electrospun nanofiber yarns , 2016 .

[2]  Cato T Laurencin,et al.  Biomedical Applications of Biodegradable Polymers. , 2011, Journal of polymer science. Part B, Polymer physics.

[3]  Nadia Aboutalebi Anaraki,et al.  Fabrication of PLA/PEG/MWCNT electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for anticancer drug delivery , 2015 .

[4]  X. Mo,et al.  Nerve conduits constructed by electrospun P(LLA-CL) nanofibers and PLLA nanofiber yarns. , 2015, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[5]  Qian Wang,et al.  A biomimetic multilayer nanofiber fabric fabricated by electrospinning and textile technology from polylactic acid and Tussah silk fibroin as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering. , 2016, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[6]  Michael P Brenner,et al.  Controlling the fiber diameter during electrospinning. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[7]  P. Dijkstra,et al.  Drug release behavior of electrospun twisted yarns as implantable medical devices , 2016, Biofabrication.

[8]  Jeffery R. Owens,et al.  Nanoporous artificial proboscis for probing minute amount of liquids. , 2011, Nanoscale.

[9]  Andreas Greiner,et al.  Electrospinning: a fascinating method for the preparation of ultrathin fibers. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[10]  H. Maleki,et al.  Morphological and mechanical properties of drawn poly(l‐lactide) electrospun twisted yarns , 2018 .

[11]  A. Kishan,et al.  Recent advancements in electrospinning design for tissue engineering applications: A review. , 2017, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[12]  Michel Vert,et al.  Synthesis, Characterization, and Hydrolytic Degradation of PLA/PEO/PLA Triblock Copolymers with Short Poly(l-lactic acid) Chains , 1996 .

[13]  Y. Ikada,et al.  Distribution and tissue uptake of poly(ethylene glycol) with different molecular weights after intravenous administration to mice. , 1994, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[14]  T. Yamaoka,et al.  In vivo tissue response and degradation behavior of PLLA and stereocomplexed PLA nanofibers. , 2009, Biomacromolecules.

[15]  A. A. Gharehaghaji,et al.  Imparting strength into nanofiberous yarn by adhesive bonding , 2017 .

[16]  D. C. Knapp,et al.  Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Electrospun Blends of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly(glycolic acid) , 2006 .

[17]  Devotha Nyambo,et al.  Applications: A Review , 2014 .

[18]  Younan Xia,et al.  Electrospun Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine , 2012, Advanced healthcare materials.

[19]  A. Mikos,et al.  Electrospinning of polymeric nanofibers for tissue engineering applications: a review. , 2006, Tissue engineering.

[20]  G. Criscenti,et al.  The influence of process parameters on the properties of electrospun PLLA yarns studied by the response surface methodology , 2015 .

[21]  K. Kornev,et al.  Wetting of nanofiber yarns , 2014 .

[22]  H. Hosseini-Toudeshky,et al.  Tensile fatigue behavior of polyamide 66 nanofiber yarns , 2015 .

[23]  L. Moroni,et al.  Influence of the solvent type on the morphology and mechanical properties of electrospun PLLA yarns , 2013, Biofabrication.

[24]  Shanta Raj Bhattarai,et al.  Hydrophilic nanofibrous structure of polylactide; fabrication and cell affinity. , 2006, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[25]  Darrell H. Reneker,et al.  Beaded nanofibers formed during electrospinning , 1999 .

[26]  M. Prabhakaran,et al.  Electrospun synthetic and natural nanofibers for regenerative medicine and stem cells , 2013, Biotechnology journal.

[27]  A. Hiltner,et al.  Aging of poly(lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) blends. Part 2. Poly(lactide) with high stereoregularity , 2003 .

[28]  Tong Lin,et al.  Direct electrospinning of highly twisted, continuous nanofiber yarns , 2012 .

[29]  Muhammad Nadeem Shuakat,et al.  Recent developments in electrospinning of nanofiber yarns. , 2014, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

[30]  Z. Pan,et al.  High conductivity electrospun carbon/graphene composite nanofiber yarns , 2018 .