D EVELOPMENT OF LARGE ULTRA-PRECISION DIAMOND TURNING MACHINE FOR MAKING NEXT GENERATION HARD X-RAY TELESCOPES

INTRODUCTION Now we have three soft X-ray telescope satellites such as Chandra [1], XMM-Newton [2] and Suzaku [3] launched in 1999 and 2005. All three telescopes were constructed by nested multiple grazing incidence reflecting mirrors consisted by a paraboloid and hyperboloid of revolution, as shown in Fig.1. The mirror surfaces were coated with Ir or gold. The surface roughness specification for the coated film was less than 0.5 nm rms.