Molecular structural view on the large third order nonlinearity of phthalocyanine derivatives

The thin films obtained by a spin-coating of soluble co,per phthalocyanines with tetra-alkylthio substituents have been found to have the x kJ) values in the order of magnitude of l0h1 esu. It is almost the same value as that of metallophthalocyanine with an axial ligand, i.e., vanadiumu-oxo phthalocyanine and so on. Of the both phthalocyanines, Q-band absorption maxiffla shifted to the longer wavelength compared with those of the solutions, on the contrary to the shorter wavelength shift of the usual phthalocyanine. For the both phthalocyanines, it is estimated that any loose aggregation of molecules are facilitated by unsymmetrical substitution and/or permanent dipole to give enlarged x (3) values. Especially, in the spin-coating films of the present soluble phthalocyanines, the growth of the aggregation with the large x was recognized by the changes of absorption spectra and x-ray diffraction patterns.