The Effectiveness of Foreign Aid for Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Mitigation

Chap. 4 portrays an increasingly complex foreign aid landscape as it pertains to the energy sector—one which is increasingly fragmented, where many new actors, both public and private are gaining in prominence, in conjunction with foreign direct investment. It offers a detailed picture of the evolution of foreign aid related to the energy sector since 1990s, emphasizing the emergent south–south financial flows, especially from rising countries such as China, India and Brazil to Africa, on top of the traditional north–south ones, as well as the entrance of new non-governmental organizations and private foundations in reshaping this landscape. It points out that the Sustainable Energy for All initiative of the UN Secretary General is a good example of a coordinated effort from where to derive important lessons in this regard.

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